Umm,i have a sandisk ultra sd card 64gb on my xiaomi redmi note 3,unfortunately a few days ago its broke,when i extract rar file on sd card because it takes some time i leave it but when i return to check it it shows error "i/o permission error".And after that when i try to delete,paste,cut something it will show failed to do such actions.
What have a tried:
1.Use card reader and then delete all files on pc,when i delete the files it deleted but when i restick the card the files that deleted show again(used space return to last state when it broke,3gb in my case)
2.formating:
a.use quick format(i'm on windows) its show unable to fornat disk
b.use cmd's diskpart when i type create primary partition after type clean it shows there are not enough space
c.use cmd's attrib and format it shows wrong format parameter
d.use inbuilt android formater(tried internal and portable),the sd card still in last broken state
e.tried third party tool,it shows formatted but when restick the card the problem still occur.
So anyone have solution to my problem?
Sorry for my bad English
handers1234 said:
Umm,i have a sandisk ultra sd card 64gb on my xiaomi redmi note 3,unfortunately a few days ago its broke,when i extract rar file on sd card because it takes some time i leave it but when i return to check it it shows error "i/o permission error".And after that when i try to delete,paste,cut something it will show failed to do such actions.
What have a tried:
1.Use card reader and then delete all files on pc,when i delete the files it deleted but when i restick the card the files that deleted show again(used space return to last state when it broke,3gb in my case)
2.formating:
a.use quick format(i'm on windows) its show unable to fornat disk
b.use cmd's diskpart when i type create primary partition after type clean it shows there are not enough space
c.use cmd's attrib and format it shows wrong format parameter
d.use inbuilt android formater(tried internal and portable),the sd card still in last broken state
e.tried third party tool,it shows formatted but when restick the card the problem still occur.
So anyone have solution to my problem?
Sorry for my bad English
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I think the card can't be recovered anymore.
Raakib Zargar said:
I think the card can't be recovered anymore.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Huh,i think it can be recovered so i can give it to my friend since i changed card.Well thanks+1 for help.
But it is unfortunate coz i still can see and play video,picture and music files that stored on the card guess i must destroy it.
Related
I'm having a problem with my 8GB sandisk card. My Htc Legend keeps giving me a pop up in the notification blind that says SD card blank or has unsupported filesystem. I've done some searching on google and notice people are having this problem with their Desires and other various android devices.
However I haven't come across a fix. I noticed one Legend owner had it occur after a restore of data from sd card. I'm having a feeling this happened to me as well since I got the OTA firmware upgrade yesterday. And I'm having the problem with the sd card today and I had the option to save date to sd. Today I unchecked it since I started using another card and I'm afraid of that one getting ruined.
Is there a way to fix my other card as I don't want to just throw away a perfectly fine 8GB card.
I've tried reformating in phone and pc. Have tried it in other phones. PC doesn't read it. Blackberry 8900 will not boot with it inserted and freezes if inserted after boot. myTouch 3G slide gives the same error. And does nothing when formatting.
i had this when i first got my new sd card and the phone basically to get it working i just went into the phone and formatted it via the android os then it mounted fine settings > storage > format (you may have to unmount first if it is still mounted )
noobdeagle said:
i had this when i first got my new sd card and the phone basically to get it working i just went into the phone and formatted it via the android os then it mounted fine settings > storage > format (you may have to unmount first if it is still mounted )
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I've tried this numerous times and it does not do anything. Does not show the option to unmount.
Hi all,
I guess my problem is very similar. Using an DHD with a 8 GB SD Card...
I did a factory restore including to wipe all data on SD card.
the DHD was rebooting and now I get the message Blank SD Card - SD card blank or has unsupported filesystem. in the notification bar.
is there any App I can restore my SD card? made full backup so ****ting on data just wana bring it back working.
Card gets not mounted... when I hit the message in notification bar it ask me to format card - I did multiple times with no success.
Anyone knows how to restore the card? Hope it's not gone for ever :-(
Thanks for help
same problem here, i guess a new sd card is due
Following I found out regarding the issue"SD card Blank/unsuported filesystem":
Just read my update here: http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?p=11353140
there are 2 ways to fix this (one of them I can confirm restored the filesystem on my SD card)
Kind Regards,
Der Matte
PS.: thanks @ GOOGLE
PS.PS.: maybe a mod can merge the threads as I think this is a general problem with HTC phones
scr6 said:
I've tried this numerous times and it does not do anything. Does not show the option to unmount.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
The sd card usually goes to raw format. Raw format supported software can help you extract the files and then you can use the full format option in windows 7, quick format checkbox unchecked.
MatteFugger said:
Following I found out regarding the issue"SD card Blank/unsuported filesystem":
Just read my update here: http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?p=11353140
there are 2 ways to fix this (one of them I can confirm restored the filesystem on my SD card)
Kind Regards,
Der Matte
PS.: thanks @ GOOGLE
PS.PS.: maybe a mod can merge the threads as I think this is a general problem with HTC phones
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
s
same problem for me. I tried with factory reset but nothing happened. I tried my HTC with others new sd card but still is the problem. sd card comes corrupted after i put into the place. I format the sd card in the pc and in my nokia and it works well but not in my HTC.
wow i recover my files
hi guys, i had same problem, but then i set this sandisk ultra to my nokia xpress music and there was everything,,, my arc s cant open it anymore but nokia opens... try to reset your sd s to others phone...
Hello all,
I've facing this problem. "Damaged SDcard- You may have to reformat!". I don't know how the sd-card got damaged.
How can i re-use the SD-card (external sdcard) because i tried so far:
- Windows format - FAT32, NTFS (with no succes)
- Phone format from recovery and normal format.
- format from card reader - when tries to format it, unmounts the card automatically.
- i've tried many programs, search many forums, but not solution.
The card was received with the phone: 32 GB microsdhc (class 4) Team.
When i enter recovery i can se the folders from the ex-sd-card (i can see from windows/linux too), but i can delete/read/copy them.
Anyone have idee what to do next?
alysiper said:
Hello all,
I've facing this problem. "Damaged SDcard- You may have to reformat!". I don't know how the sd-card got damaged.
How can i re-use the SD-card (external sdcard) because i tried so far:
- Windows format - FAT32, NTFS (with no succes)
- Phone format from recovery and normal format.
- format from card reader - when tries to format it, unmounts the card automatically.
- i've tried many programs, search many forums, but not solution.
The card was received with the phone: 32 GB microsdhc (class 4) Team.
When i enter recovery i can se the folders from the ex-sd-card (i can see from windows/linux too), but i can delete/read/copy them.
Anyone have idee what to do next?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Can you read write to the card in windows . If not then the card is faulty .
SD CARD tester.
http://mympx.org/Downloads/p13_sectionid/2/p13_fileid/13
jje
U may try deleting the partition of SD card and re mounting it
Follow the following procedure
On windows 7
Click start
Go to computer right click select manage (2nd from top)
Look for storage
Under storage ull find "disk management"
Click on it
Look for ur disk (should be disk 2) by its size
Click on it
On tool bar ( after top most bar) u will see a button with cross sign "x" click on that
Select yes
Your disk will go black
Right click on your disk
Select "new New Sample Volume"
Next, next, next , select file type system then next and lastly finish..
It should be back working normally
Note that you will loose all your data following these steps
Good luck :thumbup:
Sent from my HTC One X using xda app-developers app
JJEgan said:
Can you read write to the card in windows . If not then the card is faulty .
SD CARD tester.
http://mympx.org/Downloads/p13_sectionid/2/p13_fileid/13
jje
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
This is the log from Sd card tester.
Error creating file 'K:\1.h2w'.
(Sistemul nu poate găsi fișierul specificat. Code 2) (the system can not find the path specified. code 2)
Warning: Only 6367 of 30480 MByte tested.
Writing speed: 0.00 KByte/s
H2testw v1.4
So.... the card is broken.
hasibzaman said:
U may try deleting the partition of SD card and re mounting it
Follow the following procedure
On windows 7
Click start
Go to computer right click select manage (2nd from top)
Look for storage
Under storage ull find "disk management"
Click on it
Look for ur disk (should be disk 2) by its size
Click on it
On tool bar ( after top most bar) u will see a button with cross sign "x" click on that
Select yes
Your disk will go black
Right click on your disk
Select "new New Sample Volume"
Next, next, next , select file type system then next and lastly finish..
It should be back working normally
Note that you will loose all your data following these steps
Good luck :thumbup:
Sent from my HTC One X using xda app-developers app
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
after i hit "X", waits for a while and after that unmount the sd-card, without deleting/formating the card (after i remount it the card has the same amount of space it had before the opperation).
So... no luck. But thaks anyway.
alysiper said:
after i hit "X", waits for a while and after that unmount the sd-card, without deleting/formating the card (after i remount it the card has the same amount of space it had before the opperation).
So... no luck. But thaks anyway.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
if u want to say thanks hit the thanks button
i'm having the same problem on miui !
edit ** sorry my problem is that aosp roms don't support exfat ...if you dual boot jelly bean and an aosp rom that doesnt support exfat the car gets corrupt
I would say if Windows 7 cannot format nor read it, it's toasted. **** happens, and memory cards are more than prone to it.
alysiper said:
Hello all,
I've facing this problem. "Damaged SDcard- You may have to reformat!". I don't know how the sd-card got damaged.
How can i re-use the SD-card (external sdcard) because i tried so far:
- Windows format - FAT32, NTFS (with no succes)
- Phone format from recovery and normal format.
- format from card reader - when tries to format it, unmounts the card automatically.
- i've tried many programs, search many forums, but not solution.
The card was received with the phone: 32 GB microsdhc (class 4) Team.
When i enter recovery i can se the folders from the ex-sd-card (i can see from windows/linux too), but i can delete/read/copy them.
Anyone have idee what to do next?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
there is a program for windows called SDFormatter try that.
Regards
Colin
alysiper said:
Hello all,
I've facing this problem. "Damaged SDcard- You may have to reformat!". I don't know how the sd-card got damaged.
How can i re-use the SD-card (external sdcard) because i tried so far:
- Windows format - FAT32, NTFS (with no succes)
- Phone format from recovery and normal format.
- format from card reader - when tries to format it, unmounts the card automatically.
- i've tried many programs, search many forums, but not solution.
The card was received with the phone: 32 GB microsdhc (class 4) Team.
When i enter recovery i can se the folders from the ex-sd-card (i can see from windows/linux too), but i can delete/read/copy them.
Anyone have idee what to do next?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Just chill, also happened with me and no chance of getting it to work
for me it happened after running S2E but i think a virus caused the problem or the life of sd card was finished? don't know surly but its a bad luck nothing more.
Why post on a thread that has been dead for six months? This forum is messy enough without adding to the problem...
How do I go about converting my SD card from "Generic Hierarchical" File system to ExFAT?
trying to ROOT my phone for the 1st time.
I right click and it gives me an option to FORMAT,
but it does not give me any option as to what type of file system to format
to, no options for ExFAT or any other types of file system formats..
gymfreak81 said:
How do I go about converting my SD card from "Generic Hierarchical" File system to ExFAT?
trying to ROOT my phone for the 1st time.
I right click and it gives me an option to FORMAT,
but it does not give me any option as to what type of file system to format
to, no options for ExFAT or any other types of file system formats..
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Assuming you are trying using your phone you will likely need a microSD-to-SD converted. I tried using a USB device and it just messed things up.
Oh, what size card? I think anything <64GB will format exFAT using the phone but since I have 64GB I'm not expert on that.
I assume PC if you're using right click. What OS?
In windows 7 it looks like this:
edit - oops apparently I'm too much of a noob to post a freaking picture on this freaking forum. Jesus.
And you can change the FAT32 to ExFat in the second drop-down.
Another option is to use minitool partition wizard (google it)
Another thought - are you trying to format this from your phone? If so you will need to get a card reader to format it from your pc, I do not think formatting the card using your phone as the "card reader" on your pc will work. (as stated in the post above me)
yes
Yes I was trying to format the SD card while it was plugged into my phone.
I am on WINDOWS 8
It is a 15 or 16 Gig SD card, the one that came with the phone.
Is that ok or do I need to get a new card with more GIGS?
Thanks for the fast replies!
denmalley said:
I assume PC if you're using right click. What OS?
In windows 7 it looks like this:
edit - oops apparently I'm too much of a noob to post a freaking picture on this freaking forum. Jesus.
And you can change the FAT32 to ExFat in the second drop-down.
Another option is to use minitool partition wizard (google it)
Another thought - are you trying to format this from your phone? If so you will need to get a card reader to format it from your pc, I do not think formatting the card using your phone as the "card reader" on your pc will work. (as stated in the post above me)
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Oh no you'rre PLENTY good with 16 gigs. You really only need a very small amount of space to do this and then you can reformat the card in your phone and use it as extra storage if you'd like. But to do this exploit you'll need to get an external card reader to format the card on your pc. The only exception is if your card is 64gb, then you CAN apparently format to exfat in your phone. Go figure.
problem!
So i formatted the SD card..
I am using the latest Verizon samsung galaxy S4 the UAME7 one.. model # SCH-I545
I formatted the SD card, yet when i put it back in my phone and click properties.. it shows as a "GENERIC HEIRARCHICAL" file system
Is that right? It is not showing as ExFAT file system..
followed all these steps below..
when i get to typing the ./pwn , i get an error saying it cant find the file.. I hit ENTER or Return after i type each line correct?
1. Move all files and folders directly onto the root of your EXTERNAL microSD card only!
2. Download a Terminal Emulator app:
3. Open the Terminal Emulator app and run below 3 commands:
cd /mnt/extSdCard
./pwn
./script.sh
gymfreak81 said:
So i formatted the SD card..
I am using the latest Verizon samsung galaxy S4 the UAME7 one.. model # SCH-I545
I formatted the SD card, yet when i put it back in my phone and click properties.. it shows as a "GENERIC HEIRARCHICAL" file system
Is that right? It is not showing as ExFAT file system..
followed all these steps below..
when i get to typing the ./pwn , i get an error saying it cant find the file.. I hit ENTER or Return after i type each line correct?
1. Move all files and folders directly onto the root of your EXTERNAL microSD card only!
2. Download a Terminal Emulator app:
3. Open the Terminal Emulator app and run below 3 commands:
cd /mnt/extSdCard
./pwn
./script.sh
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
what steps did you take to format? (Used a card reader, right clicked in windows, select "format," change the filesystem type to from fat32 to exfat, etc)
and when you unzipped the zip file (root exploit package) in the link you found:
pwn
script.sh
readme
a folder called gs4ex
and moved all of these things to the root of your sd card?
when you type the first command in the terminal emulator and press enter what is the response you get back?
yea
I figured it out.. when i formatted it i had the QUICK FORMAT box checked.. i unchecked that, Formatted it again.. and finally got it to work!
So i got my phone rooted..
next step.. how do i backup the phone or ROM? Want to back it up before i install xprivacy or xposed.
Tried to do it holding the volume/home/power button, it shows me a recovery menu but no option to BACKUP the phone.
My goal here is to Permanently Disable the E911 GPS services.. for "911 calls/emergency only" which we all know is BS.. I would like to DIsable the E911 GPS but Would still like to be able to use my phone for GPS/DIrections. and disable any other apps from knowing my location etc.
I also want to disable any record keeping of phone calls or texts , is that even possible??
pretty much want to be untraceable, anonymous all around..
Any info on how to do so would be greatly appreciated.
From what my buddy told me i could install a custom ROM to turn off the Code for E911 GPS ?
or is there any other way to do so?
also formatted my SD card over all my PHOTOS, forgot to remove them first.... any way i can recover these? Or are they gone for good?
denmalley said:
what steps did you take to format? (Used a card reader, right clicked in windows, select "format," change the filesystem type to from fat32 to exfat, etc)
and when you unzipped the zip file (root exploit package) in the link you found:
pwn
script.sh
readme
a folder called gs4ex
and moved all of these things to the root of your sd card?
when you type the first command in the terminal emulator and press enter what is the response you get back?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
ME7 currently has a locked bootloader and no exploit in sight. Still plenty you can do with root, and there appears to be workaround almost ready.
Check my response in this thread for all the relevant posts on the topic:
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2447640
E911
How do i DISABLE The E911 GPS feature?
I want to disable it, not just remove the ICON.. i want the E911 gps OFF
Why am i seeing things about people who want to just remove the E911 ICON?
That does not disable the actual E911 GPS does it?
gymfreak81 said:
...the one that came with the phone....
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Woah...since when did it come with an SD card? Mine did not, and I just double checked the website and it still says sold separately for micro SD cards.
I have an LG g4 Beat (h735ar) i just updated it to MM and i found out online that i could adopt a MicroSD card as internal, which is nice since the phone comes with 8GB of storage and almost 5 are taken by the system, so i bught a kingston 32gb class 10 micro SD card and via ADB i formated it as internal storage, at first everything was fine, i could install apps on it, but after 2 days when i woke up and went to grab my phone, some apps that were installed on the sd card and were running on the background started to stop working, so i decided to reboot the phone, after it rebooted the sd card was not longer readable by the phone it shows a notification that says "Cannot use SD card. Tap to set up for use." i tried tapping on it, it prompts me to format it as portable, and when i try to do it, i doesnt work, it goes up to 20% and then closes, i tried formatting the sd card on windows via multiple ways and programs (tried DISKPART with the command "clean all", also tried sd formatter and EasyUS partition master but they didnt work)i tried on ubuntu, also didnt work, i tried using gparted and partition wizard but they didnt work neither, so i thought the SD was defective and went where i bought it, i got a replacement, i did exactly the same with the new one and it happened againt (probably not the smartest idea, but i didnt have any reason to think it would happen again), i've been trying everything i found online and nothing works, now aparently i have to decrypt it by using a key located in /data/misc/vold, but at first the key wasnt there, now it just appeared, but now the problem is that my ubuntu machine just doesnt recognize it, it shows when i open Disks, but it doesnt seem to be mounted, and i cant fix it.
Does someone know another way to fix it? i could just get a new one probably and not set it up as internal, but i'd like to fix it mostly because im kinda embarassed to have to return a second sd card.
Had the same problem.Took the same steps.Luckily I had copied the sdcard contents to my computer.Factory reset didn't help.This is what worked.I have a samsung phone ,so I used odin to reinstall the stock rom.The sdcard was immediately recognized.I copied the files from computer to sd.All is right!!!
Sent from my LGLS770 using Tapatalk
tnomtlaw said:
Had the same problem.Took the same steps.Luckily I had copied the sdcard contents to my computer.Factory reset didn't help.This is what worked.I have a samsung phone ,so I used odin to reinstall the stock rom.The sdcard was immediately recognized.I copied the files from computer to sd.All is right!!!
Sent from my LGLS770 using Tapatalk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I have a Samsung phone i just tried to insert the sd card in it and it doesnt work,it shows a messagr that says that the card is empty and then says i can extract the sd card i'll try with another Samsung phone that i have to instal the stock rom , also i dont need to backup any data from the sd card, i just want to be able to use it
Hi all
I have a Samsung S20 Ultra with a memory card that all of my photos are saved to, unfortunately I had to take my phone into Samsung experience store for a screen / back cover repair, the staff removed my Memory card and told me to factory reset due to GDPR as the device had to be sent away, when my device returned in the post 5 days later I went to put the memory card back in and a notice appeared stating the memory card is encrypted to a different device! I am totally devastated as there are pictures of my father who has passed away and other images that they are the only copies I have, I know now I should have unencrypted the memory card before the factory reset. I have spoken to Samsung directly so say there is nothing that can be done.
does anyone know of a way I can get round this I would be so very grateful!
Thanks in advanced
Stu
The best thing I could suggest is a third party solution that may be able to decrypt the information on the card, such as FeExplorer. Check to see if you have a "Decrypt SD card" option in the Lock Screen and Security settings, although I suspect it won't be able to do it.
The problem is, the encryption key is unique and stored in user data. When data is wiped during a factory reset, the key is wiped as well, so even if the user configures the same lock settings (password, pattern, etc) they key would be different.
I am not aware of an absolute solution, but here is what I would strongly suggest you do:
If able, make sure the contents of the card are backed up. Use cloud storage such as Google Drive.
Keep the card in a safe place; maybe put it in a small envelope or something, and mark it in such a way as to discourage accidental discarding or wiping.
Buy a new SD card to use in the meantime while you look for a way to recover the information on the encrypted card.
I am sorry for your loss, and I wish I had a better answer for you.
Edit: Found this on another site, maybe it's worth a try. MAKE SURE YOU BACK UP THE DATA ON THE CARD IN CASE THIS GOES WRONG.
On a PC: Copy (the encrypted and unreadable) contents of the sd card from the phone to your harddrive
On the phone: Settings -> Storage -> Sd Card -> Format sd card (this erases all the data on the sd card but don't worry you have a copy on the PC)
On the phone: Settings -> Security -> Encrypt sd Card (should be real fast since it's an empty sd card)
On the PC: Copy the contents of the sd card onto the phone
On the phone: Settings -> Security -> Decrypt sd card (edit: this may take a while depending on how much data was on the card)
sorry but none of the above "solutions" makes any sense. it is not possible to recover data. encryption key was located /data/misc/vold and /data itself was encrypted, too. Furthermore one can't access /data aka userdata partition.
BUT... and here comes the but.. adoptable-storage usually is DISABLED in One UI
So how is it possible your MicroSD Card is encrypted at all? It's not, except you have installed custom ROM or installed any 3rd party encryption tool (you would remember)
There is a good chance your MicroSD Card is plain exFAT or Fat32 unencrypted file system. I recommend to use a card reader for PC and make a 1:1 dump with gddrescue and analyze the dump with photorec or other file carver solutions.
There exist tools for windows too, for example
https://www.klennet.com/carver
https://www.z-a-recovery.com
https://www.runtime.org
Don't buy any software if your MicroSD Card is encrypted, it will definitely not work.
You can easily check if your MicroSD Card is encrypted by opening raw disk image with HxD hex editor and search for any plain text or series of zeros. gparted or testdisk will tell you if partition table exist
aIecxs said:
sorry but none of the above "solutions" makes any sense. it is not possible to recover data. encryption key was located /data/misc/vold and /data itself was encrypted, too. Furthermore one can't access /data aka userdata partition.
BUT... and here comes the but.. adoptable-storage usually is DISABLED in One UI
So how is it possible your MicroSD Card is encrypted at all? It's not, except you have installed custom ROM or installed any 3rd party encryption tool (you would remember)
There is a good chance your MicroSD Card is plain exFAT or Fat32 unencrypted file system. I recommend to use a card reader for PC and make a 1:1 dump with gddrescue and analyze the dump with photorec or other file carver solutions.
There exist tools for windows too, for example
https://www.klennet.com/carver
https://www.z-a-recovery.com
https://www.runtime.org
Don't buy any software if your MicroSD Card is encrypted, it will definitely not work.
You can easily check if your MicroSD Card is encrypted by opening raw disk image with HxD hex editor and search for any plain text or series of zeros. gparted or testdisk will tell you if partition table exist
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
when you put an SD card into a Samsung ultra it asks if you want to encrypt it through their own software, no third party apps were used
True, I realized after posting. Samsung is always bit special, they tried to think differently... In that case your data was lost in the moment of factory reset.
https://www.samsung.com/au/support/mobile-devices/how-to-encrypt-decrypt-sd-card
Stu_C said:
Hi all
I have a Samsung S20 Ultra with a memory card that all of my photos are saved to, unfortunately I had to take my phone into Samsung experience store for a screen / back cover repair, the staff removed my Memory card and told me to factory reset due to GDPR as the device had to be sent away, when my device returned in the post 5 days later I went to put the memory card back in and a notice appeared stating the memory card is encrypted to a different device! I am totally devastated as there are pictures of my father who has passed away and other images that they are the only copies I have, I know now I should have unencrypted the memory card before the factory reset. I have spoken to Samsung directly so say there is nothing that can be done.
does anyone know of a way I can get round this I would be so very grateful!
Thanks in advanced
Stu
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hello, have an experience that my samsung device were dead and my sd card still encrypted.
Firstly, you have to backup entire data on your sd card just in case.
And then, format your sd card using another device (maybe your another android).
Last, put your sd card to windows device and recover all data with DiskDigger software.
It's work on my sd card, give it a try.. Dont forget to backup all data