[Q] Battery problems - Galaxy S II Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting

Good evening all.
When i'm charging my battery with wall charger our pc charger. I cant fully charge to 100. Its saying fully charged but after i unplug its going down to 96 our even 65 percent. And another thing was when is was charging my battery it was at 86 and after that the battery was going downwards instead of upwards ( when in charger ). So i searched on the internet and i found a way to calibrate the battery,turn off foon let it fully charge,take battery out 180 sec and put back in and it should be calibrated. But my problem is i cant get it fully charged because its getting downwards. Even now its stuck at 81 percent and not going furter. annyone got a solotion. Thank you in advanced.

I hope you get an answer, I have had this problem before but changing ROM seemed to fix it...... Please don't ask me to many questions if any, I'm pretty sure I'm more of a noob than you
Sent from my GT-I9100 using xda premium

Thank you,ive tried that already. I am thinking to go back to gb and see how that works. Realy dont got a clue what else to do. And i'm completly new to this,so i'm a noob. hehe

The standard answer you will get from most people on here is "its been covered many times before."
However, I will tell you its the fuel gauge chip. Several charge-discharge cycles should correct the issue. Very common when swapping ROMs.
For example, for the hell of it, I just reset my chip and dropped from 63% to 2%. The chip kind of "learns" over time what full charge and empty is, and drifts about a bit until its fully sure what 100% and 0% are.
Sent from my GT-I9100 using XDA

try rest battery history from recovery mode>>>advance

Also did that advanced wipe battery stats. Diddent seem to work out.

Thanks reverted, bij resetting the chip.
Do you mean, wiping battery stats?
Sent from my GT-I9100 using Tapatalk

TheReverend210 said:
The standard answer you will get from most people on here is "its been covered many times before."
However, I will tell you its the fuel gauge chip. Several charge-discharge cycles should correct the issue. Very common when swapping ROMs.
For example, for the hell of it, I just reset my chip and dropped from 63% to 2%. The chip kind of "learns" over time what full charge and empty is, and drifts about a bit until its fully sure what 100% and 0% are.
Sent from my GT-I9100 using XDA
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I do switched allot between roms.
Resetting chip,do you mean wiping battery stats?
Sent from my GT-I9100 using Tapatalk

No, just fully charge it, then let it discharge completely, charge and repeat, it will sort out its misrepresenting charge after a couple of full charges.
Sent from my GT-I9100 using XDA

icanyi Ernst
I'm trying to do that,but battery wont charge completly.
Its going downwards after reaching 82 percent our even don't load.After a couple tries its charging again but not to 100 percent.
So when i reach the limit when its going down again pull out wait till its empty and try again? At a sertain point it will be charging again till 100?
Btw sorry for my bade english!

b0nafide81 said:
Its going downwards after reaching 82 percent our even don't load.After a couple tries its charging again but not to 100 percent.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Did you try turning the phone off and then charge it? After that do some charges when the phone is on like stated above.

Yes m8 i did,and trying it again right now.
The weird thing is,when my foon is on. The battery shows like 49. And now i turned foon of,and its seems like the green battery is like 15 our something. I also did wipe battery stats again. And whent back to a stock rom.

I would buy a spare battery, you'll get an official 1 for £10 to £15, that way you have a spare and will also be able to set if your phone or battery has a fault.
With my battery I did few bump charges (replugging it back in after it says 100%) and the battery life is excellent. I don'the let it drop below 15% if I can help it.
Good luck
Sent from my GT-I9100 using xda premium

Problem solved i think.
Got me a new battery,charged on a wall charger (not cable) and it was showing 100 in the phone. Then i charged my origenal battery on a wall charger (not cable) And was showing 100 to in the phone.
Now i found out that my charge conector on the phone,has a bad conection.
So i think thats why it issent loading our stops loading at a sertain point.
Sending back my s2 and hope to get it back soon.
Thanks you all for the help. And have a nice day.

Related

Battery only charges to 99%

When I charge my phone it only charges to 99%. I'll leave it in for a while, come back and it's only at 99%. Either charging in the wall, or on the computer. It used to make it to 100% then all of a sudden it just stays at 99% regardless how long it charges. So the charging light always stays on and never lets me know when it's fully charged.
Any idea why?
Thanks.
Mine does that too once in a while, randomly.
But the Sensation would do that to randomly.
Dunno why.
Battery is strange...
I get that too. But eventually it will get to 100%. There has been times where it was charged to 100% then suddenly drop to 99% even though it still plugged in.
Did you get your phone recently? I'm thinking its because the battery needs to be conditioned.
Mines always does that, as soon as I unplug it it jumps to 98%. Im hoping ARHD fixes this
I've installed Battery Widget (from Market) and it reports 100%. I plug in every night and in the morning it reads 100%.
zellroot said:
Mines always does that, as soon as I unplug it it jumps to 98%. Im hoping ARHD fixes this
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
ARHD, what is that?
nguyendqh said:
ARHD, what is that?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
New Amaze Android Revolution HD ROM by mike1986?
This happens with many devices. I have not seen this yet on my Amaze but I am sure at some point it will happen. Try turning the phone off and charging it to 100% then power it on also try running the battery all the way down and letting it charge to full UNINTERRUPTED over night. If those dont help you can always try another rom with better battery management or go into a t-mobile store and get a battery replacement if your battery is still under warranty. Hope this helps
HTC does this on a lot of phones. It is a safety default to keep the battery healthy and safe. I had this issue with the Evo. The only way to fully charge a battery is to have other a wall charger or a SBC kernel.
its the best sense rom known to man in my opinion.
daswahnsinn said:
HTC does this on a lot of phones. It is a safety default to keep the battery healthy and safe. I had this issue with the Evo. The only way to fully charge and battery is to have other a wall charger or a SBC kernel.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
My stock battery is 3.8v, and it only goes to 100% if I charge it in the phone. If I use my wall charger, it shows up at 99% when I put it back in my phone. I have two aftermarket batteries that show about 98% when charged from the wall. I am thinking that the phone charging circuit is set for 3.8v, and might possibly overheat the aftermarket batteries (3.7v). I saw one review that said these batteries melted the top of his SIM card. I'm not planning on trying that; I use the stock, charging every night, and swap the spares in if I run out of charge during the day.
I just remember hearing the same stories when I had my evo. You could charge for hours and unplug it and it would almost immediately drop to 99 or 98. So my previous statement may or may not help.
I charged mine over nite and woke up to it being 99%, left it for another hour or two and it hit 100%. I would say to leave it a little longer to get that last 1%.
Sent from my HTC_Amaze_4G using XDA App
For anyone who is running quicksense, if you want better battery life, charge your phone completely and go into recovery > Advanced> wipe battery stats. And done!
Sent from my HTC Amaze 4G using XDA App
RZJZA80 said:
I charged mine over nite and woke up to it being 99%, left it for another hour or two and it hit 100%. I would say to leave it a little longer to get that last 1%.
Sent from my HTC_Amaze_4G using XDA App
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I find that if my phone its powered off while charging, it shows 100. If powered on, it shoes 99.
Sent from my Dell Streak 7 using xda premium
this is normal for lithium ion batteries...it also depends how the manufacturer perceives the battery...some manufeacturers say that your phone is 100 percent but it might only be around 95-98...overcharging lithium ions are bad...also some manufacturers say you have 10 percent left while you might actually have 15 or maybe to percent left...this is a fail safe method to shut off the phone and keep the battery from draining completely WHICH IS REALLY REALLY BAD FOR LITHIUM IONS...OVER CHARGING THE BATTERY IS BAD TOO...perhaps htc's thresh holds are a little different and actual to the real battery life.
also not a good idea to use your phone or any lithium ion device while its charging
powering off your phone to charge it overnight is the best idea to give you lithium ion a long life but this is not practical. this is why it says 100 percent when you turn off the phone and 99 when you're phone is off....it confuses the phone: " A portable device must be turned off during charge. This allows the battery to reach the set threshold voltage unhindered, and enables terminating charge on low current. A parasitic load (which means using phone or turning screen on while its charging) confuses the charger by depressing the battery voltage and preventing the current in the saturation stage to drop low. A battery may be fully charged, but the prevailing conditions prompt a continued charge. This causes undue battery stress and compromises safety."
http://batteryuniversity.com/learn/a..._ion_batteries
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=19651965&postcount=7

Battery Calibration And Bump Charging.

First and foremost...lets get this out of the way..if u want more battery life..get a newer more powerful battery...thats the best option..
But if you still wanna stick with your current battery and still want improvements..here is a little something i want to tell you..
Obviously you might have searched about how to improve and come across the method known as calibration.. this is the method as described by one of our members..
nickrule1896 said:
Steps:
1. Before flashing a new rom, use root explorer (with read/write set) to delete the file "batterystats.bin" stored in /data/system/.
2. Charge your phone with it being turned off.
3. After it is fully charged(100%), take out its battery without plugging off the power supply.
4. Wait for a few moments, and a ? sign will appear.
5. Put your battery back in. You should see that the battery percentage increases quickly to 60%. If it increases to 100% with seconds, please skip to step 6.
6. If it stops increasing at 60%, let the phone continue to charge until 100%(takes quite a while)
7. Once it reaches 100%, let it charge for a further 15-20 minutes.
8. Once that's done, you can boot to OpenRecovery and flash your rom!!!
Alternative way of calibration(thanks a lot zeppelinrox!!!):
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=11803458&postcount=10
This method allows you to calibrate the battery and use ur phone at the same time!!!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
This method..simply put is useless...
If you dont believe me...then read this post..http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1460553
and subsequently read this post by Google Engineer Dianne Hackborn(funny surname i tell u) and you'll finally believe Battery calibration is just a myth..unless ofcourse you dont believe you know more about Android than the people who designed it
https://plus.google.com/u/0/105051985738280261832/posts/FV3LVtdVxPT
As is mentioned.. "It has no impact on your battery life" !!!
So...BATTERY CALIBRATION IS JUST A MYTH!!! Still...if you dont believe me..continue following your stupid practices..
Coming onto bump charging...
When your phone shows u fully charged it is actually charged only till 90-95% and thus u may experience a sudden decrease in battery %age after u unplug the charger...
The method for bump charging as you ardent ritualists may already know is as follows..
" Phone on, charge to full
Shut Phone off, charge to full
Phone back on, charge to full, use like normal. "
The main disadvantage of this is that it increases your battery voltage...Also in some case of sudden overvoltage while charging this can damage your battery...what for? 5% increase...
also..all that extra heat is bad for the lithium batteries...
Therefore 95% battery is good enough for daily use
so..if you really want to improve battery life...dump all these methods and just buy a more powerful battery and give it a month to give you proper results..all new batteries require at most a month to work to their full potential...
P.S. : come to think of buying a new battery...this idea may be very helpful to you if you do happen to own a Galaxy NOTE..
erniechan said:
Are there any problem if I use the battery from the galaxy note?It is 2500 mah .
Sent from my GT-S5830 using xda premium
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Cheers and Peace to all..
The fact that the Galaxy Ace cannot work without the battery already proves the first battery calibration invalid for most .
Also , all we knew was to erase batterystats.bin and charge to full , that's it
This was sent from a Galaxy Ace. Problem?
EmoBoiix3 said:
Also , all we knew was to erase batterystats.bin and charge to full , that's it
This was sent from a Galaxy Ace. Problem?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
And that is of no use or benefit at all...
Trolling all day long LIKE A BOSS
That Dianne woman who was featured in the op - isn't she a transsexual.
I saw her(/him?) on YouTube. I'll try and get the video!
Sent from my GT-S5830 using Tapatalk 2
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3aUjukCdPyQ
Sent from my GT-S5830 using Tapatalk 2
wow. thats totally unexpected.
so she's a he all along?
NathanBookham said:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3aUjukCdPyQ
Sent from my GT-S5830 using Tapatalk 2
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
That's just.....shock
This was sent from a Galaxy Ace. Problem?
Oh
My
F*-*-*g
God.
Trolling all day long LIKE A BOSS
If this is all a myth, and I'm none the wiser, why is my battery percentage all over the place? For example, went on a hike listening to music etc. Ran the battery out. Got home, plugged into charger, turned on and it said I had 46% though when I first plugged it (while off) the battery symbol showed obviously barely anything.
thechaoz said:
If this is all a myth, and I'm none the wiser, why is my battery percentage all over the place? For example, went on a hike listening to music etc. Ran the battery out. Got home, plugged into charger, turned on and it said I had 46% though when I first plugged it (while off) the battery symbol showed obviously barely anything.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Android is very....insensitive when it comes to battery .
Android keeps track of the battery using a permanently running Battery Service , which polls at a certaon interval....
For our phone , deep sleep will affect battery polling and thus your battery will be displayed as being larger than it really is .
Sent from Ursa's claws.
Heyy guys I have a problem regarding the battery life on my fone
On any rom be it cm7 cm9 or cm10 whenever i charge my fone to say for eg. 65-70% and unplug the charger battery starts draining quickly until it reaches a particular point like (45-50%) then the drain becomes somewhat stable
However when i charge the phone fully (ie.100%) the battery depreciates economically (like on stock)
This means I have to charge the battery full in order to prevent for drain
What should i do to prevent this from happening? Or should I buy a new battery
Any Help Appreciated
In my experience with any lithium battery not just android increase battery life by let it die fully so it wont turn on at all then charge till 100% and no harm done by leaving an extra 20 mins leave charger in while turning on should vastly improve an older battery
Sent from my now unbricked acei thanks to xda
very helpful. thanks. :good:
paddyman93 said:
In my experience with any lithium battery not just android increase battery life by let it die fully so it wont turn on at all then charge till 100% and no harm done by leaving an extra 20 mins leave charger in while turning on should vastly improve an older battery
Sent from my now unbricked acei thanks to xda
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I am afraid you're wrong in letting old batteries to drain completely man...when battery is new like say within 150 cycles what you said is true but as it becomes old it's better to charge it when it goes below 15...coz the chemicals will become inactive and won't be efficient in taking up charge
Sent from my GT-S5830 using xda app-developers app
All I know about Li-ion batteries is that when I dismantle them the real lithium strip inside reacts with the air and decomposes :/
I give up writing anymore signatures.
CallMeVentus said:
The fact that the Galaxy Ace cannot work without the battery already proves the first battery calibration invalid for most .
Also , all we knew was to erase batterystats.bin and charge to full , that's it
This was sent from a Galaxy Ace. Problem?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
What about Die Hard Battery Caliberator? Got me rid of bump charging.

My S3 can charge to 99% only :(

I don't know why my phone can only charge to 99% of battery, this is my second charge already and the first charge also can charge to 99% only
Anyone have same problem ?
Just leave it on the charger. Once it reaches 99% charging reduces to a trickle only. This is by design and not a fault. If you charge overnight you should find it at 100% in the morning .
Sent from my GT-I9300 using Tapatalk 2
This is renowned in the official samsung roms of the galaxy series. Do not concern yourself, there is nothing wrong with your phone.
so the best thing to do is to leave it like 1 hour on the charger? I find it annoying to .. If it says fully charged and remove the charger it should be 100% and not 99..
Thank you so much. But when my phone charge reach 100% and i leave it continue charge 2 hours more already and it still show 99% right after i unplug charger.
Don't worry about it at all. There is nothing you can do for it to say 100%. No matter how long you leave it on the charger, once the phone says it's at 100% and you disconnect it will drop to 99%. It isn't a fault, it's what samsung does.
If you want to be really nit picky, you could say that within a second of disconnecting the charger, the phone technically has used some of the battery to stay on, no matter how minimal, so 'technically' with some tiny tiny amount of battery used it is no longer at 100%
goughymachine said:
Don't worry about it at all. There is nothing you can do for it to say 100%. No matter how long you leave it on the charger, once the phone says it's at 100% and you disconnect it will drop to 99%. It isn't a fault, it's what samsung does.
If you want to be really nit picky, you could say that within a second of disconnecting the charger, the phone technically has used some of the battery to stay on, no matter how minimal, so 'technically' with some tiny tiny amount of battery used it is no longer at 100%
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thank you, acttually i came from ONE X, my ONE X take 1 hour to drop from 100% to 99%.
So there are no need to worry about it now. And my S3 battery was great. It can last from morning to night with heavy usage.
Wipe battery status in CWM
goughymachine said:
Don't worry about it at all. There is nothing you can do for it to say 100%. No matter how long you leave it on the charger, once the phone says it's at 100% and you disconnect it will drop to 99%. It isn't a fault, it's what samsung does.
If you want to be really nit picky, you could say that within a second of disconnecting the charger, the phone technically has used some of the battery to stay on, no matter how minimal, so 'technically' with some tiny tiny amount of battery used it is no longer at 100%
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Leave your phone on charge, go to CWM wipe the battery then reboot. It should go back to 100% shortly. That's what I did and it worked!
Reason why it really doesn't charge 100% is to protect battery as li-ion batteries should never let completely empty or full as the battery can die.
Sent from my GT-I9000 using XDA
Mine charged to 100% and never have this problem with my S2
This is frustrating isnt it!
Also has anyone else found that it takes longer to charge than other phones? I.e. my S2?
Im presuming this is due to the bigger capacity battery
battery can only ever be 99.999999999999999999999999999% after you unplug the charger!!!!
not another one....
Sent from my GT-I9300 using Tapatalk 2
Mine charges to 100%, dry wiping battery stats. Though to be honest. It drops to 99% the instant I unplug it.
To avoid my OCD, I just disabled the percentage/1% mods. LOL, it makes me too obsessive.
Mine charges to 100% but drops to 99% within 10 minutes. Need to disable percentage display as well asap lol
I have read much about it. It is probably intentional. to save battery or something like that. Do not be so angry about it 99% it the new 100% haha
@Firstworldproblems
Read up on lithium ion batteries..
Marquesbrownlee on YouTube explains it. 'Top 3 Battery Myths'
Sent from my GT-I9300 using xda premium
Battery only charges to about 95% when it is reading 100% anyway. This is for the health of the battery, can't remember the technical details though.
Sent from my GT-I9300 using Tapatalk 2
dr.m0x said:
Battery only charges to about 95% when it is reading 100% anyway. This is for the health of the battery, can't remember the technical details though.
Sent from my GT-I9300 using Tapatalk 2
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
This.
Its a feature to preserve the longevity of the battery.
Sent via some sort of internet thing

Battery doesnt charge full?!

Hey guys..
I noticed something weird on my galaxy s3. Whenever i charge my device till 100% and take it off from charger, it goes down to 99% immediatly. I thought it could be a bug in my current rom so i flashed another one. But the buf still exists. I even changed kernels. Still same problem. I am running latest foxhound rom
+franco r5 kernel right now.
Is there any solution for this bug?
Hope someone can help me.
Best regards
Sent from my GT-I9300 using xda premium
It is not a bug, that's how it is made.
If the phone charged to 100% and sat there for a long time, the battery would lose charge cycles and life faster. So what it does, is one of two things:
It will either NEVER actually charge to 100%, or
It will charge to 100%, take itself off the charger to about 95%, and then charge again to 100%, over and over.
HTC does the second one, I think the S3 does the first.
Thanks for the answer.
I didnt know that. Its just so weird because on every of my previous phones the battery stayed on 100%.
But anyways thanks
Sent from my GT-I9300 using xda premium
break1 said:
Thanks for the answer.
I didnt know that. Its just so weird because on every of my previous phones the battery stayed on 100%.
But anyways thanks
Sent from my GT-I9300 using xda premium
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I know, I don't like it either haha. Some phones will even say "100%" right off the charger even if they're not actually at 100%, which is why sometimes you see people that take their phone off the charger at 100% and a few minutes later they are at 95, etc.
There have been a lot of questions about this in sammy roms, and also in the s1. And it got me thinking about it this way.
As soon as you disconnect the phone from the charger it's dropped to 99%. But in my head, I say it has had to have even used the most minimal amount of juice and is 'technically' no longer at 100%.
Some are saying other phones are reporting batteries on 100% for up to an hour after disconnecting from the charger. That might look great, but there is no way that is correct either, because it has to have used some juice in that hour.
Maybe samsung don't like pandering to the needs of the masses re battery use reporting. Maybe sammy is the only one reporting a correct level.
Me, I don't care. My phone lasts just fine. Are you getting better battery life than your last phone? Haven't I read that the 1x has ordinary battery life? Does it's percentage stay at 100% for a long time? If so, that would be a bit of a rip off to me.
I know sammy have included the option to show the battery percentage within the settings of the s3. I don't use it, and my battery indicator stays at 100% until the battery reaches about 90%. Works for me.
Batteries never charge to 100% anyways to avoid the battery over-charging and exploding
Sent from my GT-I9300 using xda premium
Charge stops at 54%
Hi,
My SIII e fully stock and a few days now it does not charge past 54%. i tried to drain the battery completely and charge it after ant same thing happened. I can leave it overnight charging and it stops at 54%. Any solutions?
Thanks,

[Q] help please: erratic battery levels/reboots

Although there are similar reports of battery issues, I haven't found anyone with the same issue. I have an SGS2 running 4.0.4 - all stock and although I'm on Orange, it's not an Orange handset. It's just over a year old.
Since being on 4.0.4, I've noticed the battery level drops when I switch it back on/reboot. It has been dropping by 20-30% but recently it's been dropping all the way to 1%. It has also taken to switching itself off with no warning (or shutdown) - I can only assume because it suddenly thinks the battery is at 0% despite what it was seconds beforehand.
As a typical example, it was charged to 100% (4200mV as shown via *#0228#). After a few hours standard use, it was around 60%. Then, seemingly when I'm doing something intensive like recording video or downloading something over a data connection, the screen goes off and I realise it's dead. I restart and the "battery critical" warning comes up - 1%. It dies again and I remove the battery for a minute, put it back, then power up. This time it says 9%. Then after a short while it dies again. So I connect the charger. After a couple of seconds, the battery charging indicator shows about a 1/3rd full. I switch on and the battery is now at 46%. Whatever the issue, reattaching the charger seems to rescue it - even if it's not back to the original level. The charge levels (in mV) seem to match the percentage.
This happened so much that a few weeks ago, it wouldn't even start and I had to wipe and reinstall everything. It does work now, but still crashes at least once a day. I'm not sure what else to do other than wait for Jelly Bean and hope that will miraculously fix the problem.
I have attempted "battery calibration" though it's a bit difficult - and I've read that it doesn't actually work anyway.
I am a noob - so please treat me like an idiot in case I've missed something obvious.
Thanks.
Dude, I believe it's time to buy a new battery.
1.Battery Calibration apps don't work(They don't do anythight good) Battery calibrates selfs...
2.I think that your battery is dead like my (Buy one it cheap)
3.And I think too that Insane gauge chip is very crazy...(You can reset it maybe helps... need flash Syiah and Get Stweaks)
I have the exact same problem, see this thread: http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2062056
Tomorrow I will buy a new battery, I can tell you if this will help me out
Yup, battery calibration is a myth. Google already states that you do not need to reset your fuel gauge for ICS/JB devices. All battery parameters are automatically reset when it's 100% charge.
Sent from my GT-I9100 using Tapatalk 2
Thanks
I've ordered a new battery which I should have later this week. Let's see if that does anything useful. In the meantime, I'm attaching some battery meter screenshots to illustrate the problem.
Thanks for your suggestions so far!
xdanoober said:
Yup, battery calibration is a myth. Google already states that you do not need to reset your fuel gauge for ICS/JB devices. All battery parameters are automatically reset when it's 100% charge.
Sent from my GT-I9100 using Tapatalk 2
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
No, this dont apply for us. Google stated that is useless wipe battery stats, the didnt say anything about our fuel gauge chip
Enviado desde mi GT-I9100 usando Tapatalk 2
Solved
:victory: New battery installed and, 24hrs later, no crashes or glitches. My phone's as good as new. Thanks for the suggestions folks!:victory:
My battery went from 50% to 15% after a reboot.
The bizarre thing, though, was that I watched it increase from 15% to 20% charge even though it was not plugged in.
Weird...
Mr Anderson said:
My battery went from 50% to 15% after a reboot.
The bizarre thing, though, was that I watched it increase from 15% to 20% charge even though it was not plugged in.
Weird...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
fuel gauge.

Categories

Resources