[Q] boosting Wi-Fi performance - Vibrant Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting

hi.
Since I do not have any data plan, I pretty much depend on open W-Fi network to get a connection, which are often far away so I get a poor signal.
I have noticed my phone can't handle a poor Wi-Fi connection as good as an iPhone / iPod can. When I place my phone and my friend's iPhone close to each other and connect both of them to the same, distant network, the iPhone would get a slow but stable connection while my phone would frequently lose connection to the router. My phone also would not connect to some distant network at all while the iPhone can connect to them.
Is there any way to make the Wi-Fi work better? Maybe some hardware fix similar to the GPS hardware fix, or perhaps some system files I can change so the phone would not "give up" so fast if the network connection is poor?
Thanks a lot.

ICS glitch does include pmfast mode which may increase wifi
Only. Things I can think of..
Sent from my SGH-T959 using Tapatalk 2

You can install Wifi Killer if you want to have fun with your iphone friends
Sent from my Vibrant using XDA

trailblazerz11 said:
ICS glitch does include pmfast mode which may increase wifi
Only. Things I can think of..
Sent from my SGH-T959 using Tapatalk 2
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I will try it, thanks.
mikka06 said:
You can install Wifi Killer if you want to have fun with your iphone friends
Sent from my Vibrant using XDA
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Very creative solution although I use the Wi-Fi only when theres no one around to talk with, for example when I am at a bus stop or during a (very) boring class.

Related

Phone seems slow on home wifi..

I don't know if its just me but, my phone seems slow while on my home wifi. I haven't checked wifi anywhere else. And my signal on the phone seems to be weak at times even while sitting in the same room with my router. My cappy seems faster in this area. Also streaming some video seems to be slower on my sgs2 vs my cappy at times. Any tips/advice...?
BTW..my device is vanilla as of yet...
Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I777 using Tapatalk
Well, at present, I'm on Cognition. So, I can't give an exact parallel as far as circumstances and setups; however, my phone is extremely fast when running on my wifi connection at home. I haven't really focused much on the reception, but from what I remember it has been excellent as well. If I'm in the same room, it's completely full. If I'm elsewhere in the house I still tend to have decent reception(more than just the one bar).
I'm not sure what to suggest for better performance outside of possibly considering flashing an alternative ROM instead of just running it stock. The process, overall, is honestly quite simple. I do understand though that some people like to run the phone the way that it came out of the box. It's just a suggestion.
Outside of that I mean maybe an issue between your router and your phone, but honestly I doubt that.
I appreciate the response. I'm puzzled by this...as I am no expert I'm also not new to flashing roms. My cappy is on a modded rom. I'm just giving the devs time to work out the bugs! Thanx again!
Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I777 using Tapatalk
The BCM4330 used in a LOT of mobile devices just plain doesn't seem to like some routers.
At my home, the signal strength always looks low before connecting on my GS2, Tab 10.1, and Infuse (All BCM4330) - then it suddenly looks better when I connect.
Sent from my GT-P7510 using Tapatalk
Entropy512 said:
The BCM4330 used in a LOT of mobile devices just plain doesn't seem to like some routers.
At my home, the signal strength always looks low before connecting on my GS2, Tab 10.1, and Infuse (All BCM4330) - then it suddenly looks better when I connect.
Sent from my GT-P7510 using Tapatalk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hates D-Link (battery drain, loss of range).
Loves Netgear (less battery drain than HSPA, excellent range).
At least that's the case with the international version.
Have a NetGear and my wifi flies. of the couple dozen or so routers I have set up for family and friends NetGear seem to always be the easiest to set up, connect the most consistently, and give the best all around speeds for both net surfing and console gaming.
Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I777 using XDA App
My phone was downloading normal speeds earlier. Then I rooted in and flashed Cognition X2 beta 4.
Now my speeds are REALLY slow. (takes forever to download something as small as 4 Mb...)
Idk if anyone else is having the same issue
check your router for firmware updates, if there are, appy them and then retest if your speeds are still slow
Interesting..as I am using a d-link gaming router. Will have to check into firmware update..had the router a few years never updated it.
Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I777 using Tapatalk
ive had a number of friends that get new phones and have complaints like:
whats wrong with my phone it wont connect to my router, or get sporadic connections, drop for no reason, slow x-fers...
first thing i do is update the firmware, you'd be suprised at how many issues can get 'fixed' when your router gets updated.
so, i'd start there first..
Yea, I'm going to give that a try..thanks for the heads up..!
Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I777 using Tapatalk

Is Your CM7 Refusing To Connect To Wifi After Sleeping? (This isn't a question.. )

I've been having the problem of the wifi not coming back automatically and I was like D: so I went into the Play store (lol) and found this app. It's working well for me, so I was like I should tell people! Doesn't seen to effect (effect or affect I D my battery
Just search in the market for : blade wifi fix
Its a free app so you don't have much to lose, if it works for you great if it doesn't don't shoot the messenger!
Comments/Complaints?
Please Call 1-800-IDGAF
No seriously you can post below if it worked well or if its a battery eater etc.
Yo guys
1-800 idgaf doesn't work don't try it lolol
Come over to the dark side...
More than likely its a router issue. That's how I fixed mine.
Sent from my MB870 using xda premium
I guess I'm one of the lucky ones, but I have yet to have any wifi issues on both of my DX2s running CM7rc1.
I'll give it a try and see what happens.
Did have one incident with wifi stalling so I installed the app and we will see if it happens again.
sent from DroidX2 CM 7.2.0 RC1
Um 1800- I don't give a f***? That's an interesting number.
Sent from my MB870 using XDA
So I have been using this extensively, I can say that it does slightly improve WiFi connectivity. It is quicker and usually connects with no problem, but sometimes it seems to not work at all for whatever reason.
Anyone else have the same experience?
I have a $300 D-link router, with excellent connection. Its used for gaming, and my Wifi, has no problem connecting even after sleep mode. Your routers are probally giving out weak signals. I've had no problems with wifi connectivity since using CM7.
Sent from my Cyanogen 7.2 Droid X2 using your girls computer.

Huge WiFi Issue

Ok so first off my internet connection is perfect, and it isn't my internet because my internet works fine, now to my issue....
My WiFi on my amaze turns off by itself every 5 minutes, but not only that it throttles and I can't get a stable connection to my internet, I tried loading google and it took me 5 minutes because my WiFi was disconnecing and not working even though I have full signal
It's not my Rom, or any Rom (it happens with my Rom, Mikes rom, and NRG's Rom)
It could be a hardware issue but I doubt it because my data connection is fine, although my connection has been weaker ever since this has started happening, any advice? Could be a radio issue but I havnt flashed a radio since the first leak so I dunno
EclipzeRemix said:
Ok so first off my internet connection is perfect, and it isn't my internet because my internet works fine, now to my issue....
My WiFi on my amaze turns off by itself every 5 minutes, but not only that it throttles and I can't get a stable connection to my internet, I tried loading google and it took me 5 minutes because my WiFi was disconnecing and not working even though I have full signal
It's not my Rom, or any Rom (it happens with my Rom, Mikes rom, and NRG's Rom)
It could be a hardware issue but I doubt it because my data connection is fine, although my connection has been weaker ever since this has started happening, any advice? Could be a radio issue but I havnt flashed a radio since the first leak so I dunno
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
+1
I have the same issue. I'm on the latest stock ICS and my wifi has been acting up too. Weak signal strength and extremely slow. Wasn't like this before on GB. And, yes, my internet works fine on other devices at my house.
Sent from my HTC_Amaze_4G using xda premium
Does your security use WPA? I know that for some routers, the WPA handshake interval (also known as Key Renewal Interval) can be set too low. This is not something you can change with your phone, but with your router. I find that anything below 3600 *CAN* cause problems. Try changing it to 3600 and see if it improves.
Stupid question: Do you have the "Best Wi-Fi Performance" option selected? I find it that it helps sometimes.
No its not my router, my iPod touch 1rst gen loads pages fine, aswell as my old mytouch 4g
SuperSayain Sense 3.6 coming soon
I have WiFi issues as well...I always reset the router everyday just to deal with it. The only time it works better is with stock. ICS or GB I don't have issues...only Roms.
-------------------------------
It's Better To Fail In Originality
Than To Succeed In Imitation.
-------------------------------
My real world experience with it seems good .. but speedtest.net app shows only 5mb/s when is usually close to 15mb/s on hi.gingerbread (i pay for 15gb speed, so it made sense).
It never times out or has a hard time connecting tho
I'm running stock rooted .3 ics... Interesting find. I will keep an eye on it myself
Sent from my HTC_Amaze_4G using Tapatalk 2
Tried resetting your wifi router? That could be the issue, since I use both wifi/3G on the leak and official updates, both are fluent, hence the idea of a hardware issue possibly, but you can try reflashing the latest radio file. And I don't think wifi should affect network data, sounds like a hardware issue with that for sure.
EclipzeRemix said:
No its not my router, my iPod touch 1rst gen loads pages fine, aswell as my old mytouch 4g
SuperSayain Sense 3.6 coming soon
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I know, but it seems that the Amaze can be a bit sensitive. It wouldn't hurt to check the interval. If it's at 3600, great. If not, change it to 3600 and see if it improves.
It doesn't have to do with our routers. At least not mine. On GB, never experienced this issue. Same phone but now with stock .3 ICS I have trouble with connection and speed over wifi. Same at work. It must have something to do with the new ICS radio because I've experience the same issue on ARHD 2.2.1.
Sent from my HTC_Amaze_4G using xda premium
Then reflash the radio, see if it helps, my reception actually increased with the update, from 5-8mbps to 12-25mbps.
I should also mention that my wife's GS2 doesn't have WiFi issues. Stock GB...she won't let me do anything to her Sammy.
-------------------------------
It's Better To Fail In Originality
Than To Succeed In Imitation.
-------------------------------
Dark Nightmare said:
Then reflash the radio, see if it helps, my reception actually increased with the update, from 5-8mbps to 12-25mbps.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Done that. Flashed first leaked ICS - wifi issues. Flashed ARHD 2.2.1 - wifi issues. Flashed latest leaked/official ICS - wifi issues.
On the network, I get great signal and 23mbps in Beverly Hills. Wifi is just slow and weak. Pay for 10mbps download but phone does half of that.
Not a deal breaker for me but confirming eclipze wifi issues.
Sent from my HTC_Amaze_4G using xda premium
Dark Nightmare said:
my reception actually increased with the update, from 5-8mbps to 12-25mbps.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
On wifi?
Sent from my HTC_Amaze_4G using Tapatalk 2
Yea reflashing radio didn't do anything, I'm curious to what this is, and I can't even start up SpeedTest because I can't get a stable connection, yea its that freakin bad
SuperSayain Sense 3.6 coming soon
EclipzeRemix said:
Yea reflashing radio didn't do anything, I'm curious to what this is, and I can't even start up SpeedTest because I can't get a stable connection, yea its that freakin bad
SuperSayain Sense 3.6 coming soon
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Wow... Mine isn't that bad. My scrappy old linksys wireless n is below me downstairs and this is what I get
Again... Half the speeds that I'm paying for and that I got on gingerbread
Sent from my HTC_Amaze_4G using Tapatalk 2
Actually I was talking about network speeds, my wifi speeds are about 12-25 always. Maybe you should try a complete system wipe using the wipe script then reflash, just to clean up any old files lying around that may be blocking things up.
Dark Nightmare said:
Actually I was talking about network speeds, my wifi speeds are about 12-25 always. Maybe you should try a complete system wipe using the wipe script then reflash, just to clean up any old files lying around that may be blocking things up.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Tbh... I think its my router... I tried my thrive too and it was pretty pitiful.
I will reset network and test when I get back home
Sent from my HTC_Amaze_4G using Tapatalk 2
the only wifi issue i (still) have is lag with wifi calling. it was pretty bad today, so much to the point where its useless. anyone else having issues with this currently?
mrmako777 said:
the only wifi issue i (still) have is lag with wifi calling. it was pretty bad today, so much to the point where its useless. anyone else having issues with this currently?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
YES... I don't think it will EVER really work on this phone
Sent from my HTC_Amaze_4G using Tapatalk 2
glacierguy said:
YES... I don't think it will EVER really work on this phone
Sent from my HTC_Amaze_4G using Tapatalk 2
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
i was hoping you would say yours is working better

Increasing signal

I was wondering if there was any way to increase the power of the radio to get better signal? Or any other way to get better signal. I spend most of my time at home here in my basement and I get very poor signal down here, most of the time I get 1 bar or no signal at all. I was wondering what tips and tricks people used to increase their signal, and if there was any way I can do this in the software of the phone itself. I have my phone plugged in down here so increased battery drain is not really an issue.
It would be really awesome if there was some type of change that I could throw into a Tasker profile and activate with an NFC sticker so I can just scan the sticker and boost my signal! (Also, I'm on a Verizon S3)
Maybe I'm dreaming, but it would be really awesome if some way to boost my signal like this existed!
Thanks so much!
Buy one of those verizon signal booster units? Wait for an updated radio that can do more with less?
Or use your home wifi and a voip calling solution
Sent from my htc_jewel using xda premium
skytbest said:
I was wondering if there was any way to increase the power of the radio to get better signal? Or any other way to get better signal. I spend most of my time at home here in my basement and I get very poor signal down here, most of the time I get 1 bar or no signal at all. I was wondering what tips and tricks people used to increase their signal, and if there was any way I can do this in the software of the phone itself. I have my phone plugged in down here so increased battery drain is not really an issue.
It would be really awesome if there was some type of change that I could throw into a Tasker profile and activate with an NFC sticker so I can just scan the sticker and boost my signal! (Also, I'm on a Verizon S3)
Maybe I'm dreaming, but it would be really awesome if some way to boost my signal like this existed!
Thanks so much!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
You can try one of the many free network signal booster apps in the play store.
https://play.google.com/store/search?q=signal+booster&c=apps
skytbest said:
I was wondering if there was any way to increase the power of the radio to get better signal? Or any other way to get better signal. I spend most of my time at home here in my basement and I get very poor signal down here, most of the time I get 1 bar or no signal at all. I was wondering what tips and tricks people used to increase their signal, and if there was any way I can do this in the software of the phone itself. I have my phone plugged in down here so increased battery drain is not really an issue.
It would be really awesome if there was some type of change that I could throw into a Tasker profile and activate with an NFC sticker so I can just scan the sticker and boost my signal! (Also, I'm on a Verizon S3)
Maybe I'm dreaming, but it would be really awesome if some way to boost my signal like this existed!
Thanks so much!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yes, I think you are dreaming.
You might explore hardware signal boosters sold by Wilson Electronics. The basic configuration is an exterior antenna, an internal antenna and a two-way amplifier in between. Not free, though.
If you have WiFi, another option is getting whaterver Verizon calls their femtocell. It basically is a mini-tower inside your home, and your WiFi provides the backhaul.
---------- Post added at 08:02 PM ---------- Previous post was at 07:55 PM ----------
id_twin said:
You can try one of the many free network signal booster apps in the play store.
https://play.google.com/store/search?q=signal+booster&c=apps
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I think those "booster" apps are scams at best. They probably just toggle your phone's settings to provide a placebo effect.
If you check their permissions, which invariably include "full Internet access" and a variety of privileges to explore local stuff on the phone, it's pretty obvious that the real intent is to rape your phone's privacy and upload the data to sleazy marketers, hackers, or worse. Do you really want to provide your phone connection log and location to some stranger?
http://www.tomsguide.com/us/wireless-Network-Extender-verizon-cell,news-3354.html
http://www.engadget.com/2012/07/11/wilson-electronics-sleek-4g-v-now-available/
Is what I was referring to.
Each have their advantages and drawbacks
Sent from my htc_jewel using xda premium
skytbest said:
I was wondering if there was any way to increase the power of the radio to get better signal? Or any other way to get better signal. I spend most of my time at home here in my basement and I get very poor signal down here, most of the time I get 1 bar or no signal at all. I was wondering what tips and tricks people used to increase their signal, and if there was any way I can do this in the software of the phone itself. I have my phone plugged in down here so increased battery drain is not really an issue.
It would be really awesome if there was some type of change that I could throw into a Tasker profile and activate with an NFC sticker so I can just scan the sticker and boost my signal! (Also, I'm on a Verizon S3)
Maybe I'm dreaming, but it would be really awesome if some way to boost my signal like this existed!
Thanks so much!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Tip: get a job.
Trick: move out of your moms basement.
That should solve your problem... If not let me know and we'll try something else.. :thumbup:
Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I747 using xda premium
BigSketchySeaBeast said:
Tip: get a job.
Trick: move out of your moms basement.
That should solve your problem... If not let me know and we'll try something else.. :thumbup:
Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I747 using xda premium
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Wow. That's rude and not helpful.
Chances are he hasn't even finished college yet or is still in high school. Or his office could be in his basement in his own house. There are so many other reasons he could be in his basement most of the time... He never even said he lives in the basement, just is there a lot...
OP - I'm not sure if there's any way you can boost the signal using software. If there was, I'm sure those enhancements would have already been implemented. If you have internet at home, you can buy a device from your carrier (every carrier calls it something different) that uses your internet as "cell tower".
Another solution would be to use google voice + groove IP so all your text messages and calls are routed through WiFi instead of the carrier.
yousefak said:
Wow. That's rude and not helpful.
Chances are he hasn't even finished college yet or is still in high school. Or his office could be in his basement in his own house. There are so many other reasons he could be in his basement most of the time... He never even said he lives in the basement, just is there a lot...
OP - I'm not sure if there's any way you can boost the signal using software. If there was, I'm sure those enhancements would have already been implemented. If you have internet at home, you can buy a device from your carrier (every carrier calls it something different) that uses your internet as "cell tower".
Another solution would be to use google voice + groove IP so all your text messages and calls are routed through WiFi instead of the carrier.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Although it was technically a solution.. I was kidding... Jeez..
Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I747 using xda premium
BigSketchySeaBeast said:
Tip: get a job.
Trick: move out of your moms basement.
That should solve your problem... If not let me know and we'll try something else.. :thumbup:
Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I747 using xda premium
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Completely worthless.
OP sounds to me like you need WIFI calling. I'm not sure if there are apps in the play store with a similar feature as T-Mo's wifi calling, but it sounds more clear than when I use the cell towers.
EDIT: Viber looks promising - https://play.google.com/store/apps/...lt#?t=W251bGwsMSwxLDEsImNvbS52aWJlci52b2lwIl0.
BigSketchySeaBeast said:
Tip: get a job.
Trick: move out of your moms basement.
That should solve your problem... If not let me know and we'll try something else.. :thumbup:
Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I747 using xda premium
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I don't think that is very nice. Clearly this phone has issues with single and there was nothing wrong with their question. We're a community and we should be as respectful as possible to one another.
BigSketchySeaBeast said:
Although it was technically a solution.. I was kidding... Jeez..
Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I747 using xda premium
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I thought it was pretty funny, where has everyone's sense of humor gone!
Sent from my SCH-I535 using xda premium
yousefak said:
Wow. That's rude and not helpful.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
True, but it was funny. Lots of comedy is rude. Ask any of these guys. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insult_comedy
but seriously, I wish there was some setting that would improve the radio. I'd trade 1/2 my battery life for better signal. That would still leave me with an all day charge.
do you have sprint? if so, you can get an airave...
otherwise, ure probably SOL
eyecon82 said:
do you have sprint? if so, you can get an airave...
otherwise, ure probably SOL
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
The comments above include a link to a similar product from Verizon, which the OP said he uses. Not very fast, though. It doesn't even support EVDO (3G) data speeds. And LTE service is out of the question.
drbveb88 said:
I thought it was pretty funny, where has everyone's sense of humor gone!
Sent from my SCH-I535 using xda premium
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Right!?
Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I747 using xda premium
BigSketchySeaBeast said:
Right!?
Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I747 using xda premium
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Whenever you have to tell someone it was a joke, it never turns out funny.
Sent from my Free'd sweet a$$ S3.
so after i saw this thread, i called up tmobile to get a cel-fi booster for my dad, those asshole have the audacity to tell me to get my dad wireless internet so he could make phone call via wi-fi calling...damn that got me steam as hell. its not like i got him a cheap plan either, 10gb of data, freaking 1000 min... that should be enough for them to kiss my ass.
drbveb88 said:
Whenever you have to tell someone it was a joke, it never turns out funny.
Sent from my Free'd sweet a$$ S3.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Unless you're Foghorn Leghorn
"That's a joke, son"
3_D said:
Unless you're Foghorn Leghorn
"That's a joke, son"
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Excellent! Just for fun I went looking up Foghorn Leghorn quotes. Wow, they're much funnier and make more sense now then when I was 7.
The unfortunate thing is Samsung has very weak radios. I know they have improved through out the years. But they still have have to work on improving their RF. I lose signal on my S3 in bad reception areas, whereas on my BlackBerry 9900 I still get HSPA.

Can't find bluetooth tethering option

Just wanted to confirm, am I the only one with missing bluetooth tethering?
I really would like to Tether my tablet to my phone using bluetooth.
THANK YOU
It's removed. Needs a framework res edit to show.
Sent from my SM-G900T using Tapatalk
elesbb said:
It's removed. Needs a framework res edit to show.
Sent from my SM-G900T using Tapatalk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks. Why are they still pulling **** like this. Come on, it's 2014.
moyofalaye said:
Thanks. Why are they still pulling **** like this. Come on, it's 2014.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
No one uses bluetooth tethering would be the biggest reason
moyofalaye said:
Thanks. Why are they still pulling **** like this.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Because bluetooth is inadequate to the task and it caused more problems than it was worth for most people.
.
That's not true, actually bluetooth is the best for low data traffic, and at lower power consumption than any other options. Bluetooth tethering has been around since bluetooth 1.0 that's more than 15 yrs now. Please don't come here and spout rubbish. If you don't know something, and are not asking a question, it's better to keep quiet. Misinformation is worse than keeping your mouth shut
moyofalaye said:
That's not true, actually bluetooth is the best for low data traffic, and at lower power consumption than any other options. Bluetooth tethering has been around since bluetooth 1.0 that's more than 15 yrs now. Please don't come here and spout rubbish. If you don't know something, and are not asking a question, it's better to keep quiet. Misinformation is worse than keeping your mouth shut
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
In my experience, it uses the same amount of battery as wifi tethering, which is far easier to connect, not to mention faster.
aooga said:
In my experience, it uses the same amount of battery as wifi tethering, which is far easier to connect, not to mention faster.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Not in my experience. It's fast enough for tethering. Also, it does use less power. Bluetooth is at best 30 feet. WiFi 100 yards. Therefore requires less power to push the signal. I like Bluetooth tethering. Only really use it for adb and quick laptop web browsing.
Sent from my SM-G900T using Tapatalk
You know, speaking of which, I think it is still there somehow. If you were to get one of those Android wear, they I'm guessing are using bluetooth tethering to connect.
Anyways all I'm trying to do is turn my tablet into a glorified gps unit.
moyofalaye said:
don't come here and spout rubbish. If you don't know something, [.. blah blah blah]
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
If you lost the attitude, you'd get more constructive help. As noted above bluetooth does not typically result in any real world power saving. It's harder to configure and connect and crucially has an extremely limited range that is problematic for many people.
Blue tooth is annoying to use and is dying a slow death as more and more people grow disenchanted with it. You seem to be an evangalist, but the majority disagree with you and the Android development team formed the same opinion. Good riddance.
.

Categories

Resources