Cross-compile error when building kernel (nexus9 memory forensics)
I'm currently following the AndroidMemoryForensics guide (I cannot post a link) on how to extract memory from an android device using LiME. I'm using the flounder_defconfig build configuration and create the .config file using
Code:
make flounder_defconfig
. In order to be able to load the LiME module to the kernel I need to add the following lines to the .config file:
CONFIG_MODULES=y
CONFIG_MODULES_UNLOAD=y
CONFIG_MODULES_FORCE_UNLOAD=y
When I compile the kernel I set the architecture to arm64 (ARCH=arm64) and use the aarch64-linux-android-4.9 toolchain (CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-android-4.9/aarch64-linux-android-).
When running
Code:
make
I get compile errors saying that "battery_voltage_monitor_on" is undeclared (see below).
If I try to compile the kernel without making the changes to the .config file I get no compile errors.
Am I missing something here, e.g. some package, or have I done something wrong to cause this compile error?
I tried to search for a solution online but have had little success so far so I hope I have better success here
Thanks in advance!
Jonas
Output:
CC drivers/htc_debug/stability/reboot_params.o
LD drivers/htc_debug/stability/built-in.o
CC drivers/hwmon/hwmon.o
CC drivers/hwmon/battery_system_voltage_monitor.o
In file included from include/linux/linkage.h:6:0,
from include/linux/kernel.h:6,
from include/linux/sched.h:31,
from /home/jonas/android/Nexus9_Volantis_source/test2/flounder-kernel/tegra/arch/arm64/include/asm/compat.h:25,
from /home/jonas/android/Nexus9_Volantis_source/test2/flounder-kernel/tegra/arch/arm64/include/asm/stat.h:23,
from include/linux/stat.h:5,
from include/linux/module.h:10,
from drivers/hwmon/battery_system_voltage_monitor.c:15:
drivers/hwmon/battery_system_voltage_monitor.c:151:19: error: 'battery_voltage_monitor_on' undeclared here (not in a function)
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(battery_voltage_monitor_on);
^
include/linux/export.h:57:16: note: in definition of macro '__EXPORT_SYMBOL'
extern typeof(sym) sym; \
^
drivers/hwmon/battery_system_voltage_monitor.c:151:1: note: in expansion of macro 'EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL'
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(battery_voltage_monitor_on);
^
drivers/hwmon/battery_system_voltage_monitor.c:183:19: error: 'system_voltage_monitor_on' undeclared here (not in a function)
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(system_voltage_monitor_on);
^
include/linux/export.h:57:16: note: in definition of macro '__EXPORT_SYMBOL'
extern typeof(sym) sym; \
^
drivers/hwmon/battery_system_voltage_monitor.c:183:1: note: in expansion of macro 'EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL'
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(system_voltage_monitor_on);
^
make[2]: *** [drivers/hwmon/battery_system_voltage_monitor.o] Error 1
make[1]: *** [drivers/hwmon] Error 2
make: *** [drivers] Error 2
I'm having same issue on my build. Fine without modules but throws linker errors when enabled.
https://github.com/binkybear/flounder/commit/06781f20ea737f6b52a4589827d5d52688d20728
Related
Hi, can someone guide me how to build the kernel for I9100G? I downloaded the kernel source from Samsung and extracted. The instructions in the archive are as follows:
HOW TO BUILD KERNEL 2.6.35 FOR GT-I9100G
1. How to Build
- get Toolchain
Visit http://www.codesourcery.com/, download and install Sourcery G++ Lite 2010q1 toolchain for ARM EABI.
Extract kernel source and move into the top directory.
$ toolchain\arm-2010q1
$ cd kernel/
$ make t1_defconfig
$ make
2. Output files
- Kernel : kernel/arch/arm/boot/zImage
3. How to make .tar binary for downloading into target.
- change current directory to kernel/arch/arm/boot
- type following command
$ tar cvf GT-I9100G_Kernel_Gingerbread.tar zImage
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Looks simple enough. So I downloaded the toolchain from CodeSourcery and installed. I don't quite understand the first line in step 1
$ toolchain\arm-2010q1
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
What does that mean, exactly? Typing it out just like that gives an error.
If I skip the first line, after "make t1_defconfig", I get the error message "make: *** No rule to make target `t1_defconfig'. Stop."
Help, please?
BTW, I'm using Kubuntu 11.10.
Got it finally. Turned out my dump of the kernel source code was bad and some files were corrupted. Plus, crappy instructions, make t1_defconfig doesn't work. Instead I did
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=~/CodeSourcery/Sourcery_G++_Lite/bin/arm-none-eabi- t1_defconfig
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=~/CodeSourcery/Sourcery_G++_Lite/bin/arm-none-eabi-
Compiling now. Hope for the best.
---
Doesn't work.
Got this error:
In file included from drivers/media/video/omapgfx/gfx_bc.c:17:
drivers/gpu/pvr/img_defs.h:89: error: #error ("define an OS")
In file included from drivers/media/video/omapgfx/gfx_bc.c:18:
drivers/gpu/pvr/servicesext.h:811: error: expected '=', ',', ';', 'asm' or '__attribute__' before 'PVRSRVReadRegistryString'
drivers/gpu/pvr/servicesext.h:812: error: expected '=', ',', ';', 'asm' or '__attribute__' before 'PVRSRVWriteRegistryString'
In file included from drivers/media/video/omapgfx/gfx_bc.c:19:
drivers/gpu/pvr/kernelbuffer.h:66: error: expected '=', ',', ';', 'asm' or '__attribute__' before 'IMG_BOOL'
drivers/media/video/omapgfx/gfx_bc.c: In function 'bc_init':
drivers/media/video/omapgfx/gfx_bc.c:381: error: implicit declaration of function 'PVRGetBufferClassJTable'
make[4]: *** [drivers/media/video/omapgfx/gfx_bc.o] Error 1
make[3]: *** [drivers/media/video/omapgfx] Error 2
make[2]: *** [drivers/media/video] Error 2
make[1]: *** [drivers/media] Error 2
make: *** [drivers] Error 2
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Experienced devs, anyone, help please?
Hi
I too am trying to build the kernel and I am stuck at same error. Can you please let me know how did you resolve this error?
Thanks in advance
Just in case anyone is still looking for solution:
I had the same problem. But managed to compile it successfully, under Ubuntu, using the prebuilt toolchains inside Android's NDK. Simply download, extract and start compiling.
I was able to build kernel successfully using arm linux gnueabi toolchain. Thanks for the help guys. Now I am all set to create a custom kernel
---------- Post added at 10:52 PM ---------- Previous post was at 10:50 PM ----------
The error was coming because of undefined macro for __linux__.
Can be resolved by either replacing it with LINUX or using arm linux gnueabi toolchain instead of arm eabi.
any update ?
or can u share how to build/make a custom rom so i can also try to make a custom rom
thnx!
Code:
CC arch/arm/mach-msm/board-msm7627a-camera.o
arch/arm/mach-msm/board-msm7627a-camera.c: In function 'evb_camera_gpio_cfg':
arch/arm/mach-msm/board-msm7627a-camera.c:545: error: 'msm_camera_sensor_ov5647_data' undeclared (first use in this function)
arch/arm/mach-msm/board-msm7627a-camera.c:545: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
arch/arm/mach-msm/board-msm7627a-camera.c:545: error: for each function it appears in.)
arch/arm/mach-msm/board-msm7627a-camera.c:586: error: 'msm_camera_sensor_ov7692_data' undeclared (first use in this function)
arch/arm/mach-msm/board-msm7627a-camera.c: At top level:
arch/arm/mach-msm/board-msm7627a-camera.c:1051: error: 'msm_camera_sensor_ov8825' undeclared here (not in a function)
arch/arm/mach-msm/board-msm7627a-camera.c: In function 'msm7627a_camera_init':
arch/arm/mach-msm/board-msm7627a-camera.c:1195: error: 'ov7692_cam_req_gpio' undeclared (first use in this function)
arch/arm/mach-msm/board-msm7627a-camera.c:1195: error: request for member 'gpio' in something not a structure or union
arch/arm/mach-msm/board-msm7627a-camera.c:1196: warning: statement with no effect
error, forbidden warning: board-msm7627a-camera.c:1196
make[1]: *** [arch/arm/mach-msm/board-msm7627a-camera.o] Error 1
make: *** [arch/arm/mach-msm] Error 2
make: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
Can anyone help ?
check the include files
forumber2 said:
check the include files
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Can u plz explain it ? I am not able to get u .
Sent from my S100 using Tapatalk HD
Workaround found
I am getting exactly the same error. But I managed a workaround. Use camera.c from ICS kernel.
1. Goto CAF
2. Choose ICS branch
3. Select any kernel
4. Goto kernels arch/arm/mach-msm/camera.c
5. Download it as raw.(there will be raw link along with tree and other links right under project head line)
6. copy it to same location as in above and paste it there. Make sure you make backup of earlier one.
Done. Worked for me. But you know what? I am now stuck at display.c and io.c . Its really hard without documentation....
Code:
CC net/netfilter/xt_qtaguid.o
CC net/netfilter/xt_quota.o
CC net/netfilter/xt_quota2.o
CC net/netfilter/xt_socket.o
In file included from include/linux/kernel.h:23:0,
from include/linux/cache.h:4,
from include/linux/time.h:7,
from include/linux/stat.h:60,
from include/linux/module.h:10,
from net/netfilter/xt_socket.c:13:
net/netfilter/xt_socket.c: In function 'xt_socket_get4_sk':
include/linux/dynamic_debug.h:75:21: warning: 'protocol' may be used uninitialized in this function [-Wmaybe-uninitialized]
error, forbidden warning: dynamic_debug.h:75
make[2]: *** [net/netfilter/xt_socket.o] Error 1
make[1]: *** [net/netfilter] Error 2
make: *** [net] Error 2
[email protected]:~/kernel$
Original file here.
I'm using ndk gcc 4.8. This error is present also on gcc 4.7. The only way to get rid of this error is to use toolchain 4.6. I need to compile it using a newer toolchain, that's why I request your help.
Any ideas?
Kernel Compilation
srsdani said:
Code:
CC net/netfilter/xt_qtaguid.o
CC net/netfilter/xt_quota.o
CC net/netfilter/xt_quota2.o
CC net/netfilter/xt_socket.o
In file included from include/linux/kernel.h:23:0,
from include/linux/cache.h:4,
from include/linux/time.h:7,
from include/linux/stat.h:60,
from include/linux/module.h:10,
from net/netfilter/xt_socket.c:13:
net/netfilter/xt_socket.c: In function 'xt_socket_get4_sk':
include/linux/dynamic_debug.h:75:21: warning: 'protocol' may be used uninitialized in this function [-Wmaybe-uninitialized]
error, forbidden warning: dynamic_debug.h:75
make[2]: *** [net/netfilter/xt_socket.o] Error 1
make[1]: *** [net/netfilter] Error 2
make: *** [net] Error 2
[email protected]:~/kernel$
Original file here.
I'm using ndk gcc 4.8. This error is present also on gcc 4.7. The only way to get rid of this error is to use toolchain 4.6. I need to compile it using a newer toolchain, that's why I request your help.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I guess you are looking on another file.
Code:
error, forbidden warning: dynamic_debug.h:75
I guess there is a problem in dynamic_debug.h in line 75. I guess you need to initialise something.
Here is dynamic_debug.h but I can't find the problem.
I will appreciate any opinion.
Try this method!
srsdani said:
Here is dynamic_debug.h but I can't find the problem.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I am not much used to kernel related development but I analysed your dynamic_debug.h and found the problem (maybe a problem):
Normally, a do-while loop syntax is this:
Code:
do
{
Statement1;
Statement2;
...
}while(condition);
But I don't see a semicolon in the end of those loops in your code. This maybe a syntax error.
Also analyse these codes:
Code:
#if defined(CONFIG_DYNAMIC_DEBUG)
extern int ddebug_remove_module(const char *mod_name);
extern __printf(2, 3)
int __dynamic_pr_debug(struct _ddebug *descriptor, const char *fmt, ...);
struct device;
extern __printf(3, 4)
int __dynamic_dev_dbg(struct _ddebug *descriptor, const struct device *dev,
const char *fmt, ...);
struct net_device;
extern __printf(3, 4)
int __dynamic_netdev_dbg(struct _ddebug *descriptor,
const struct net_device *dev,
const char *fmt, ...);
Every intialisation has 4 protocols but the first initialisation contain only 3.
Try the above things and tell me back if it works or not.
So, the problem was in Makefile and .config. I compared and added some flags from Mako (from franco) and it worked. I still have some warning/s, some breakpoints but at least now it's working. Anyway, this thread may be useful for all of us. Thanks a lot for help.
Now, another problem.
Code:
CC fs/proc/loadavg.o
CC fs/proc/meminfo.o
fs/proc/meminfo.c: In function ‘meminfo_proc_show’:
fs/proc/meminfo.c:175:1: internal compiler error: in optimize_sc, at modulo-sched.c:1069
}
^
Please submit a full bug report,
with preprocessed source if appropriate.
See <https://bugs.launchpad.net/gcc-linaro> for instructions.
make[2]: *** [fs/proc/meminfo.o] Error 1
make[1]: *** [fs/proc] Error 2
make: *** [fs] Error 2
[email protected]:~/kernel2$
With linaro 4.8.3 => OK;
linaro 4.8.3 + A15 optimize=> fail, error above. meminfo.c it's exactly like the one from nexus 4.
FIX: compiler bug;
srsdani said:
Code:
CC net/netfilter/xt_qtaguid.o
CC net/netfilter/xt_quota.o
CC net/netfilter/xt_quota2.o
CC net/netfilter/xt_socket.o
In file included from include/linux/kernel.h:23:0,
from include/linux/cache.h:4,
from include/linux/time.h:7,
from include/linux/stat.h:60,
from include/linux/module.h:10,
from net/netfilter/xt_socket.c:13:
net/netfilter/xt_socket.c: In function 'xt_socket_get4_sk':
include/linux/dynamic_debug.h:75:21: warning: 'protocol' may be used uninitialized in this function [-Wmaybe-uninitialized]
error, forbidden warning: dynamic_debug.h:75
make[2]: *** [net/netfilter/xt_socket.o] Error 1
make[1]: *** [net/netfilter] Error 2
make: *** [net] Error 2
[email protected]:~/kernel$
Original file here.
I'm using ndk gcc 4.8. This error is present also on gcc 4.7. The only way to get rid of this error is to use toolchain 4.6. I need to compile it using a newer toolchain, that's why I request your help.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hey sarsdani Apologies that I'm quoting you 12 month later. I am getting an identical error in the same file/address as you had when you posted this question. Im compiling stock HTC m7 Android L kernel with Google tool chain 4.8 - android 5.1 r1
You mentioned later on that you changed the Makefile and .config to fix the [-Wmaybe-uninitialized] error. Can you please detail what those changes were or point me to an example ( if you can remember ) I could just change Wmaybe in Makefile to Wno but turning the flag off altogether seems dangerous.
@Joeisgood99 there are two ways to solve this.
1. using a "hack". So, you need to add in makefile (in root folder from kernel source) at KBUILD_CFLAGS: -Wno-maybe-uninitialized \
2. Open that file with the error and asign a value to protocol.
The first option is not dangerous. Why? Because only the toolchain say this. In gcc 4.6, the reason why you don't get this error is because it assign a value automatically to that "protocol", usualy random value but not always. In gcc 4.7/4.8/4.9(or 4.10) this is threated as warning/error.
/home/austin/cm11/kernel/lge/w3c/net/ipv4/ipconfig.c:264: undefined reference to `msecs_to_jiffies'
/home/austin/cm11/kernel/lge/w3c/Makefile:877: recipe for target '.tmp_vmlinux1' failed
make[2]: *** [.tmp_vmlinux1] Error 1
Makefile:130: recipe for target 'sub-make' failed
make[1]: *** [sub-make] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/austin/cm11/kernel/lge/w3c'
build/core/tasks/kernel.mk:188: recipe for target 'TARGET_KERNEL_BINARIES' failed
make: *** [TARGET_KERNEL_BINARIES] Error 2
Any ideas what this could be? I'm a bit stumped i've never seen an error like this before
It's okay i retired the project as of now since trying to modify the kernel source code isn't do anything but causing more errors. I do appreciate any help when everyone has a chance
I am trying to compile a kernel for my device(kyleprods or GT-S7582 or Galaxy S duos 2) because I havent found any custom kernel out here. Im compiling from source. I tried compiling WITHOUT any tweaks or such, just plain compile after downloading the source, and it compiled successfully. I tried adding smartassv2 but I got these errors after running "make -j1" twice. Can anybody help/guide me? It is really my first time doing these things, because I'm very interested.
CHK include/linux/version.h
CHK include/generated/utsrelease.h
make[1]: `include/generated/mach-types.h' is up to date.
Creating rdb link for Hawaii
CALL scripts/checksyscalls.sh
CHK include/generated/compile.h
CHK kernel/config_data.h
CC drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_smartass2.o
drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_smartass2.c:175:10: error: ‘THIS_MODULE’ undeclared here (not in a function)
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
^
drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_smartass2.c: In function ‘cpufreq_smartass_timer’:
drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_smartass2.c:295:1: error: implicit declaration of function ‘cputime64_sub’ [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration]
delta_idle = cputime64_sub(now_idle, this_smartass->time_in_idle);
^
drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_smartass2.c: At top level:
drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_smartass2.c:869:16: error: expected declaration specifiers or ‘...’ before string constant
MODULE_AUTHOR ("Erasmux");
^
drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_smartass2.c:870:21: error: expected declaration specifiers or ‘...’ before string constant
MODULE_DESCRIPTION ("'cpufreq_smartass2' - A smart cpufreq governor");
^
drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_smartass2.c:871:17: error: expected declaration specifiers or ‘...’ before string constant
MODULE_LICENSE ("GPL");
^
cc1: some warnings being treated as errors
make[2]: *** [drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_smartass2.o] Error 1
make[1]: *** [drivers/cpufreq] Error 2
make: *** [drivers] Error 2
SORRY I DONT KNOW WHERE TO POST.
diskie said:
I am trying to compile a kernel for my device(kyleprods or GT-S7582 or Galaxy S duos 2) because I havent found any custom kernel out here. Im compiling from source. I tried compiling WITHOUT any tweaks or such, just plain compile after downloading the source, and it compiled successfully. I tried adding smartassv2 but I got these errors after running "make -j1" twice. Can anybody help/guide me? It is really my first time doing these things, because I'm very interested.
-snip-
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Part of the errors can be fixed by adding:
#include <linux/module.h>
at the top. I don't know about the rest, but @xpirt or @InfinityShooter once fixed this problem for the desire x, perhaps he can help? I want to know it myself as well
@diskie
https://github.com/ProtoU/neXusKERNEL/commit/8c77e8a4b1962bb6fbb41732aba5ded40007876a
Look in drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_ondemand.c and include/linux/cpufreq.h for fix
xpirt
xpirt said:
@diskie
https://github.com/ProtoU/neXusKERNEL/commit/8c77e8a4b1962bb6fbb41732aba5ded40007876a
Look in drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_ondemand.c and include/linux/cpufreq.h for fix
xpirt
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks a lot :good:
EDIT3: I was sorta' right about the source package being somewhat temperamental. Managed to build the modules sans kernel, but doing both at the same time leads to the errors below. Also, renaming uImage to vmlinux and then shoving it in boot.img along with the compiled modules resulted in the tab being stuck on the boot logo.
EDIT2: I dunno if the build package was being temperamental or something, but ticking out the tvp5150 module seems to have done the trick.
EDIT: Managed to get further with building, but while I get a vmlinux image, it still ends with a mismatch error with modules. Coud this have something to do with the source tarball being stripped and not the full one?
Code:
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST 67 modules
WARNING: could not find drivers/input/touchscreen/.libAW5306.cmd for drivers/input/touchscreen/libAW5306
ERROR: "vfe_gpio_write" [drivers/media/video/tvp5150.ko] undefined!
WARNING: modpost: Found 4 section mismatch(es).
To see full details build your kernel with:
'make CONFIG_DEBUG_SECTION_MISMATCH=y'
make[1]: *** [__modpost] Error 1
make: *** [modules] Error 2
So, I kinda' figured out on how to cobble up a kernel for the A31s, but upon attempting to build one based on the source taken from http://dl.linux-sunxi.org/SDK/A31/a31_hummbingbird_V3.3_v2_kfb_0k.tar.gz
While I managed to load up the default config and stuff, building it using the command make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=/root/CodeSourcery/Sourcery_G++_Lite/bin/arm-none-linux-gnueabi- results in this:
Code:
In file included from drivers/media/video/sunxi-vfe/camera_detector/camera_detector.h:4:0,
from drivers/media/video/sunxi-vfe/config.c:10:
drivers/media/video/sunxi-vfe/camera_detector/camera_includes.h:41:25: error: redefinition of typedef '__hdle'
drivers/media/video/sunxi-vfe/flash_light/../vfe_os.h:29:22: note: previous declaration of '__hdle' was here
make[4]: *** [drivers/media/video/sunxi-vfe/config.o] Error 1
make[3]: *** [drivers/media/video/sunxi-vfe] Error 2
make[2]: *** [drivers/media/video] Error 2
make[1]: *** [drivers/media] Error 2
make: *** [drivers] Error 2
ANy thoughts or advice on how to make this work, let alone boot?