o2 ROM UPGRADE - MDA II, XDA II, 2060 ROM Development

All
I have been advised by o2 tech support to upgrade my ROM from
1.03.00 USA date <24 Sept 03> to the new version 16050 from their site.
The download is 25Mb in size, I have printed off the instructions on loading it but:
Questions
is this good advice?
what if any impacts will I notice on my XDa?
Why exactly am I doing this? - O2 seem a little vague, just cause it's the latest. you'll understand that this doesn't exactly inspire my confidence!!
is there an wasier/better ROM upgrade and can this be easily accomplished by a limited technical person with clear instructions in English at all please?
and finally
What were the key issues with ROM v1.66.??

It is a very simple process, make sure your phone is fully charged, make sure you are using the usb port direct and not through a hub, enter usb/bootloader mode and execute the update on your pc. The good thing about using the official rom is that O2 will sort out your phone if the upgrade causes damage. The O2 site lists all improvements and bug fixes alongside the appropriate rom upgrade.

Related

Upgrading Extended ROM with ER2003edit

Hi there,
I know, there is also a special thread regarding this issue, but my question is more general:
I want to upgrade the (write protected) Ext ROM of my XDA. As I do not have an upgrade tool from o2, I've downloaded the latest upgrade from T-Mobile Germany and followed Softworkz's instructions and made my own Extended ROM.
But now I am not sure, if it will be possible to flash my XDAII with the MDAII flash utility (will be flashing the ExtRom with o2 Files only). Do I need the original o2-Sofware to flash or can I take any HTCHimalaya-Software to flash my device?
Thanks for comments...
Bobopopo
Hi Bobopopo!
As stated here: http://forum.xda-developers.com/viewtopic.php?t=6289 it's quite easy. You'll find a step-by-step How-To (in GERMAN!) here:
http://www.smartphone4u.de/xda2/tipps_tricks/extended_rom.html
And it works like a breeze! The only thing is that I don't know, whether your O2 xdaII will accept the T-Mobile ROM - but I don't see any reason why it shouldn't.
Only issue could be the Radio Stack Upgrade, but I have no problems at all with the T-Mobile Radio Stack in the O2 network.
Also I don't know of a way to backup your original ROM of the xda II - but maybe theres still the bootmanager way to back it up to an SD-Card!
GrĂ¼sse,
Klaas.
Finally flashed the ROM of my German XDAII with a German T-Mobile ROM (1.60). Has been no problem at all and I am impressed how easy it was (using ER2003edit). The only thing I have to work on is the homezone control, it is not working yet but not so important anyway.
I cooked my own ExtROM, but I think it will need some more improvement.
1. Is there any tool that further compresses the Extended ROM? (My ExtROM ist full but I would love to put some more programs inside)
2. My target is, that the XDAII will need about 5 minutes after a hard reset to install all the required software and get back the old settings. Will a backup with ActiveSync also remeber the favorits, connection settings, program settings aso.?
3. Is it possible to flash with the speed of USB 2.0? Until yet I have only tried with USB 1.1. (because I use a PCMCIA-card to provide USB 2.0 and the flashing manual says not to use an USB hub).
Thanks for some more tipps & tricks...
Bobopopo
@bobopopo and @admiral_k
Hey, I see your are also O2 customers in germany and also have the
homezone feature of O2.
When you did the upgrade, you also upgraded the radio stack...
I think the homezone feature is linked to radio-stack, so Homezone-Control will not work with t-mobile radio-stack.
I see two options... leaving out the radio-stack upgrade or forget the homezone-control.
Could you please write your impressions if it's worth upgrading the radio-stack. Actually if have the homezone-control disable most of the time so I would not really care, but it's nice to know that i can check if I am in my homezone... ( really interessing if you surf the web via local dial-in numbers... )
regards
Alex
Until now I did not see any improvements on the Firmware of the XDAII, but the T-Mobile ROM is working fine...
Regarding the Homezone control, I am pretty sure that this has nothing to do with the radio stack (Reason: After upgrading the whole firmware, the Homezone has been indicated (after a softreset) and disappeared after the next softreset.
So I think the Homezone control is dependent on the Ext. ROM (that I cooked myself by taking some of the new T-Mobile Ext. ROM and some of the old o2 Ext. ROM). Maybe I just didn't find the right mix.
I'll post a solution as soon as I find one...
Hi guys!
I am in a simular situation, I hava MDA II with T-Mobile OS and a German O2 subscription.
I would like to add the auto config for O2, could this be done, if yes how specifically can this be done.
/L-O

Common Pitfalls and recommended steps for ROM Upgrades

A friend of mine purchased an i-mate with ROM ver. 1.66. After seeing what I went through with mine (radio stack upgrade problems. See my posts elsewhere on this forum), he is terrified to upgrade to 1.72, even though he knows that 1.66 is buggy. Should he upgrade? If so, what are the foolproof steps towards success?
I propose a sticky: It would be great if the ones on this forum with extensive ROM flashing experience list common pitfalls and recommend steps going beyond the standard club i-mate instructions (for i-mate and its variants). I will start with a list that is in addition to the standard instructions. Feel free to add to the following:
* Always use a PC with either Win 2000. Several forums listed that most problems with ROM flashing stem from the use of PC's with Win 98 or ME.
* Make sure you don't use a USB hub. Better yet, make sure that the only USB device connected is your i-mate
* Make sure you close all other Windows programs, especially antivirus and firewall
* For best results, use official releases of ROM upgrades. Others may be great, but also maybe risky
Questions:
* From a functioning i-mate, is it necessary to start in bootloader mode?
* Is it best to have the SIM card out?
* Is power to cradle necessary?
I told my friend to wait until the forum shows consensus on the procedure steps.
KJ
You can leave the sim card in and the cradle does not need the charger.
You can start in normal mode instead of bootloader.
If you have a problem and you get only the bootloader screen (serial v1.0X) then there is still a chance to slavage it.
Connect it back to the cradle. if serial turns in USB, just launch the uodate again (activesync wont recognize it , but the update willr un.

Common Pitfalls and recommended steps for ROM Upgrades

A friend of mine purchased an i-mate with ROM ver. 1.66. After seeing what I went through with mine (radio stack upgrade problems. See my posts elsewhere on this forum), he is terrified to upgrade to 1.72, even though he knows that 1.66 is buggy. Should he upgrade? If so, what are the foolproof steps towards success?
I propose a sticky: It would be great if the ones on this forum with extensive ROM flashing experience list common pitfalls and recommend steps going beyond the standard club i-mate instructions (for i-mate and its variants). I will start with a list that is in addition to the standard instructions. Feel free to add to the following:
* Always use a PC with either Win 2000. Several forums listed that most problems with ROM flashing stem from the use of PC's with Win 98 or ME.
* Make sure you don't use a USB hub. Better yet, make sure that the only USB device connected is your i-mate
* Make sure you close all other Windows programs, especially antivirus and firewall
* For best results, use official releases of ROM upgrades. Others may be great, but also maybe risky
Questions:
* From a functioning i-mate, is it necessary to start in bootloader mode?
* Is it best to have the SIM card out?
* Is power to cradle necessary?
I told my friend to wait until the forum shows consensus on the procedure steps.
KJ

HTC HD2 - Implementing Android

Please excuse my lack of experience on the matter.
But my main confusion comes from after a couple hours well of reading and yet still not quiet understanding.
I'm buying a HD2, but I'm interested in converting it over to the Android platform.
However after watching countless videos and reading endless posts - I think I've scared myself into a not knowing where to start now.
I initially came across some pretty cool links wish sounded helpful (and for the most seemed pretty straight forward)
<Examples>
youtube.com/watch?v=3gUwaJYWrdc
youtube.com/watch?v=Gqedm-sUBc8
youtube.com/watch?v=W6Thh-zHGgo
But then confusion after reading of things like finding out the best radio software suited to my region (which by the way is Trinidad), and HSPL3 and the ROM... I am wondering if I might just end up bricking my phone.
So I found out what the stuff means (as seen below) - but I'm still kinda well overwhelmed.
spl = Secondary Program Loader. Think of this in the same sense as bios on a pc. (it sets where your system boots from, intialises sub system process etc)
sspl = soft spl (this allows you to flash another spl or hardspl).
hardspl = hard spl .. basically it allows flashing of any rom. It protects you from bricking your device. If you have a bad flash it just forces the phone to load into bootloader, from where you can flash another rom using pc or storage card to get your phone working again. Using a hardspl you can flash any carrier rom without cid unlocking your device first.
radio is the part of the rom which manages the attena
Please if anyone is able to shed some light on the best way of me going about brining in the android OS to my HD2 - it would be greatly appreciated (given what ever the lastest most stable build would be)
Regards...
Also, whats the possibility of a dual boot straight from the phone?
people have reported that android works on stock roms so there might not be any need to flash a custom rom....... apparently a radio newer than 2.08.xx..... is required......
See this thread for that debate.....
Even if there is then all you need to do is follow the instructions in the Rom development section stickies and you cant really go wrong......
If you have a tmous hd2 then you might want to follow the instructions in the tmous section to avoid any potential radio mismatch problems......
Running android is as easy as putting a folder on your SD card and tapping two files in the right order........
Ok there might be quite a bit of trial and error in finding a build you like/works well....
And yes there are programs out there that will give you the option to choose between WM and Android on startup.....
personally I'd reccomend mskips version which you can find in the themes and apps section.........
Happy fiddling......
Thank you so much for the post and for the link you included to the guide.
I have seen a lot of useful information from just there alone. It's appreciated.
One thing I didn't quite follow however, was when you said 'tmous' hd2.
I'm assuming this is an abbreviation for a carrier of some sort?
The one I'm supposed to be getting is an unlocked version btw...
tmous = (T)-(Mo)bile (US) version as it has the 1GB ROM in it; the Euro version only has 512MB.
TriniKing_CE said:
Thank you so much for the post and for the link you included to the guide.
I have seen a lot of useful information from just there alone. It's appreciated.
One thing I didn't quite follow however, was when you said 'tmous' hd2.
I'm assuming this is an abbreviation for a carrier of some sort?
The one I'm supposed to be getting is an unlocked version btw...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
As br0adband said above, tmous just refers to the american version of the HD2,
its easy to spot as it has a big fat double chin, tmobile written under the earpiece and green/red buttons to dial/hangup.......
if thats the version that you end up with then you should make sure any rom/radio your flashing is "tmous compatible".......
the wrong radio can kill it....... just stay away from anything with ".51." in the name.....
Good luck for when it arrives...... expect a lot of late nights tweaking.......
if you are sure you'll use android, why do you buy a windows phone?
i think thats nonsense...
just buy a desire hd and be happy.
DN41
DN41 said:
if you are sure you'll use android, why do you buy a windows phone?
i think thats nonsense...
just buy a desire hd and be happy.
DN41
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
+1...That makes no sense. Unlike the rest of us, we bought the HD2 knowing what it was all about, then later found that Android would be possible later.
Buying HD2 a year later knowing that you want to convert to Android is silly. Or it is because the HD2 might be cheaper than the newer HTC Anroid phones?
You have missed most of the fun there was in seeing the HD2 develope; from custom ROMs, to Cookies Home Tab, to Android etc etc. Jumping in now after all the blood, sweat and (tears) has taken place probably wouldnt provide you with the same level as enjoyment as I believe that the HD2 is running out of steam. Although there is the possibilty of WPS7 on NAND plus Android to consider.
The main reason for opting for the HD2 is that the price is alot more reasonable for me at this time. The specs are obviously better on the Desire HD and while the original Desire also already has the android platform, their prices are a little more steep for me as they came out just this year alone.
So during my searching around I came across this thread titled:
[GUIDE]The ULTIMATE n00bs guide to the HD2-HardSPL, Android, ROMs, Radios and more!
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=808015
It seemed really detailed and what not - However, it clearly stated that it was solely for the T-Mobile (US Version) and not Internationally Unlocked ones.
Is there a similar thread where this might be found?
I don't see why it should be specific to the tmous, the only thing to watch out for is the potential radio mismatch... .
Sent From 1998 Via 56K Dial Up
Ok so within the this time which I am still just eagerly anticipating the arrival of my HD2 (which by the way is my first smart phone ) - I've continued to read more threads and posts, but some confusion still seems to exists on the various topics for terms for me.
For instance - I seem pretty clear on the fact that getting an android build on my HD2 is as simple as picking a ROM and then extracting the files correctly to my SD card and run the CLRCAD & the Haret files. - So then why I am still so confused...?
I think the main reason stems from a fear of not wanting to destroy my first modernized phone.
But aside from the basic process I briefly stated above, I have no idea what would be required of me to make the best of my modd-ing procedure.
I have seen links including a 1GB data.img dowloand - what is this for exactly?
I have read and understood that there are advantages of implementing HSPL on your device - but how does it fit into the already 'simplified' 4 step process listed above whereby you just download, extract and run the 2 files?
(...further to that whats the difference between HSPL, HSPL2 & HSPL3 - aside from updated versions I assume, would there be a reason for opting to use an older version?)
How do I determine if I am going to need to change my Radio version from what would already be included within a ROM I select? - and similar to my HSPL inquiry
(What's the main difference between the radio versions?
Wouldn't the highest number [most recent version] be the best?)
Further random (yet related...) questions:
RUU - Would it be necessary or make modd-ing any easier?
cotulla - Is this a single developer or a developer group?
NAND - Is this basically the main memory which holds the OS? - If so is there an actual way to now startup with Android on the HD2 - without WM starting at all and without any user interaction what so ever?
And finally...
When I eventually get my HD2 in hand, is there any information or details specific from my phone, which if provided could make it a easier to receive help on my goal?
If someone takes time to answer my questions - Thanks much in advance!
TriniKing_CE said:
Ok so within the this time which I am still just eagerly anticipating the arrival of my HD2 (which by the way is my first smart phone ) - I've continued to read more threads and posts, but some confusion still seems to exists on the various topics for terms for me.
For instance - I seem pretty clear on the fact that getting an android build on my HD2 is as simple as picking a ROM and then extracting the files correctly to my SD card and run the CLRCAD & the Haret files. - So then why I am still so confused...?
I think the main reason stems from a fear of not wanting to destroy my first modernized phone.
But aside from the basic process I briefly stated above, I have no idea what would be required of me to make the best of my modd-ing procedure.
I have seen links including a 1GB data.img dowloand - what is this for exactly?
I have read and understood that there are advantages of implementing HSPL on your device - but how does it fit into the already 'simplified' 4 step process listed above whereby you just download, extract and run the 2 files?
(...further to that whats the difference between HSPL, HSPL2 & HSPL3 - aside from updated versions I assume, would there be a reason for opting to use an older version?)
How do I determine if I am going to need to change my Radio version from what would already be included within a ROM I select? - and similar to my HSPL inquiry
(What's the main difference between the radio versions?
Wouldn't the highest number [most recent version] be the best?)
Further random (yet related...) questions:
RUU - Would it be necessary or make modd-ing any easier?
cotulla - Is this a single developer or a developer group?
NAND - Is this basically the main memory which holds the OS? - If so is there an actual way to now startup with Android on the HD2 - without WM starting at all and without any user interaction what so ever?
And finally...
When I eventually get my HD2 in hand, is there any information or details specific from my phone, which if provided could make it a easier to receive help on my goal?
If someone takes time to answer my questions - Thanks much in advance!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
ok, where to start..... lol
il answer briefly because im posting from my device.....
your 4 step process is solid. no problems there.
you cannot brick your device with android.
the data.img is basically a file that pretends to be the phones internal storage, so if you download the 1gb file when you run android your phone will think it has 1gb of internal storage (things will obviously just be stored on your sd card, it doesn't actually affect your devices memory)
theres not much point worrying about the radio until you get the device and see which one you have, chances are it wont need to be changed.
unless your changing the rom/radio you wont need to use hspl
cotulla is widely regarded as being the driving force behind these kind of things, obviously there were/are lots of talented people involved but cotulla is probably the name your most likely to see being mentioned.
ruu - software tool that alows you to flash a rom.
included with stock roms, custom roms require a custom ruu but it is usually bundled in with the rom
nand - you pretty much nailed it, its not yet available though
when you get the device post the info from the settings - about phone/software info
hope that helps and sorry if I missed anything.....
Thanks a lot for your response!
conantroutman said:
ok, where to start..... lol
when you get the device post the info from the settings - about phone/software info
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
After my long anticipated wait - It has arrived.
Here are my initial specs:
OS version
5.2.21892 (21892.5.0.89)
Manilla version
2.5.20121412.2
ROM version
2.13.531.1 (90963) WWE
ROM date
04/28/10
Radio version
2.10.50.26
Protocol version
15.39.50.07U
Any advice?
Your Radio is above the minimum requirement for linux to boot so you're good to go. Download an android build you like the looks of from the Android Development section and extract the Android folder and place it in the root of your SD card.
Run CLRCAD then HaRET or get an android boot loader like THIS, THIS, or THIS to make the process easier.
Okay so after using my HD2 a bit on and off over the past 3 days or so - switching between Windows & Android, I'll summarize:
First off, the android build which I am currently running off of my sd card is:
darkstone HD2Froyo v1
Release date: 26.07.2010
Its pretty decent and all but, I have a problem that I keep on encountering and I'm not quite sure whether its just me (something I didn't figure out) or if its an incompatibly issue with my current WindMo ROM (2.13.531.1 (90963) WWE) or something. Or maybe just a glitch / bug in the build itself
I can't seem to get back access to my desktop at times once I open a browser (or some other apps / games as well); even after I attempt to close it off.
...One just simply reopens once I close off the last one...
This inability to regain access to my desktop at that point means I have no further access to any further applications either unless I start over. (or unless its an app which was previously opened - as I can then hold down the home button to see recently (previously) opened apps.
I'm wondering if I should try another build? (any suggested ones?! / any known problems with this build)
Also as my version is an unlocked T-mobile phone - would it be wise to follow through with an upgrade on the ROM from T-mobile's site?
T-Mobile HD2 MR Software (Version 3.14.531.1)
http://dl.htc.com/ruudownload/t-mobi....aspx?pid=leo2
EDIT:
I'm also the following message constantly and I'm thinking it might have something to do with the problem I'm getting.
This version of LauncherPro Beta has expired. Please go to http://www.launcherpro.com/ to get the latest version.
No suggestions...
I was simply copping some music across from my pc to HD2 with ActiveSync and I think I didn't d/c properly. Now my HD2 won't start up.
It just freezes on the Stick Together screen
(which contains the ROM, Radio info below)
I attempted to reset with the small red button, I tried pulling the battery completely. It still just comes back to that screen once I place the battery back in and FREEZES.
Attempted to go into bootloader by:
Taking out the battery. Placing it back in.
Press volume down, while pressed press the power button.
The colored screen comes up:
PBB1120 SS-B3
SPL-2.10.0000 8G XE
MicroP(LED) 0x05
MicroP(TOUCH) 0x50
Someone please HELP!

TMobile ROM to HTC ROM change - info Please!

Hi all
I've had a search through the re-developed ROM's and to be perfectly open, I don't understand much about them.
I recently had a plain HTC HD2 and very happy with it for what I use it for, I don't need any fancy add on's and bits etc, just my Co-pilot and keeping my contacts and notes upto date.
That handset was lost and the insurance didn't have any HD2 replacements in stock. The Desire they sent instead has been sold, and I've purchased a T Mobile version of another HD2.
Is it a simple case of downloading and installing the official HTC ROM for the handset and doing a ROM update?
Apologies if this is a simple query etc!
Cheers, Dennis!
no, no no nonono.
assuming you mean a tmobile us model (1024 rom, green send key) then no, if you flash a non tmous stock rom (any stock rom that isn't for the tmous) onto that phone it will die. brick. dead, because of the ..51.. radio they include.
You may get some cooked roms that are on a base of lower than 2.x, but have been tweaked for the 576ram , and they will work on your phone, but its a very risky game to play.
Far better to follow the two rules..,
only ever flash tmous stock roms,
and
cooked roms that SPECIFICALLY say tmous compatible in the title and post 1 of that roms thread..
Hiya
Samsamuel, thanks for the info there. I'll update with more information! I'm technical, but not with smartphones to the level some of you guys here!
I'm in the UK, and it's a UK TMobile handset that I bought. I've already had the handset 'unlocked' so that I can use my O2 SIM, which is working etc.
From the handset
OS Version - 5.2.21889 (21889.5.0.87)
Manila Version - 2.5.20121429.0
ROM version - 1.72.110.4 (86525) WWE
ROM date - 04/02/10
Radio Version - 2.07.51.22_2
Protocol version - 15.32.50.07U
So, would it be ok to update to the normal HTC ROM?
Cheers, Dennis!
Ah ok in that case there is no need to mention that it is a t mobile phone, just confuses the issue.
Yes the regular update will work fine once happy is applied.
Thanks once again SamSamuel,
However, what's meant by 'once happy is applied' ?
Is that one of these hacks or special ROM things?
When I do a search, so many results come back containing the word 'happy' I have no idea where or what to look for!
Is there a thread which explains how to apply 'happy'?
Apologies for the vagueness!!
Cheers, Dennis!
lol, thats the android spell correction and me not proof reading before i post. should be HSPL
Hiya
To me, anything that's typed up 'could' potentially be what I need to do! I wouldn't know the difference!!
So, I've had a search for HSPL - I see it mentioned, but alas, I have no clue what it is, where to get it from, what to do with it when I get it!
Is there any straightforward points on what and where to get this HSPL, how to use it ?
I know I can download the HTC official ROM from their website, so that part I think I know what to do as I upgraded my last HD2.
Cheers, Dennis!
ok, hspl. Get HSPL2_RUN.zip from HERE, (you can follow instructions that say hspl or hspl3, theyre all the same, except for what phones they support, , hspl2 is teh most usefull for regular hd2 owners)
phone into bootloader and connect usb, (when you read 'get an active sync connection', , forget that, it doesnt mean actual active sync, just a usb connection)
get hspl2, run it, in the dropdown is a list of spl and hspl versions. if it ends .0000 its stock, if it ends .hspl its,,,,,, hspl.
choose 2.08.hspl, follow the prompts. if it doesnt work, run the hspl prog again, if it still doesnt work (timeout/connection errors) change usb ports and try again. no need to touch teh phone, just leave it in bootloader all the time.
once bootloader says spl 2.08.hspl you are good to go.
BUT
if you are planning to flash the 3.14 rom, , , you can't do it this way.
3.14 wont work on any spl/hspl except 3.03.0000 and there is no way to get 3.03.0000 except goldcard.
Hiya
Samsamuel - seems you're the only one willing to help me here! so I really appreciate it !
I know i've got to do 'things' from what you've said there, but I have no idea on how to do it! - give me some financial IT related stuff I'm good! ask me to do bootloaders and potential goldcard and run files and connect - I'm lost! I don't want to try things in case I 'brick' the handset!
The ROM I want is listed on the HTC downloads section for the HD2. It's dated 25th January 2010
Details are
ROM Version:
Norway:1.66.409.1, Spain :1.66.412.1, Denmark:1.66.403.1, France :1.66.406.1,
Sweden:1.66.413.2, Italy:1.66.408.1, WWE:1.66.405.2, France Bouygues: 1.66.483.0
So, if I somehow manage to do this HSPL thing, will I not be able to install the HTC ROM? I have no idea where or what the '3.14' ROM is?
Apologies for sounding really vague - I've never got into all the modified ROM's and stuff for smartphones. I've only ever needed to switch on, use the phone, install my GPS software and keep my contacts and notes syncronised. I'm just used to the HD2 I had as it was a case of straightforward use. This T mobile version is 'different'!
Anyone else able to help alongside everything SamSamuel has kindly provided so far? please?!!
Cheers, Dennis!
warning
Its best for you if you do not try to update your phone. Either get used to it or just sell it. There are rom update tutorials on this site. Just search for rom update tutorial, if you must try. The official htc software is not for this phone, if you install it, your phone will no longer work, and you wont be able to fix it.
No, its ok so long as you have a regular hd2 locked to t mobile as discussed in earlier posts.
Just to double confirm, if your phone has green send key,then STOP DANGER
But I think we're dealing with white send key, so normal hd2, and the target Tom isn't 3.14
So,,,
assuming white end key.
Phone backed up and off
Press hold keep holding volume down
Tap and release power keep holding volume down
When striped coloured screen appears
Plug in USB
On PC run hspl2
In dropdown choose 2.08.hspl
When it completes and phone starts to reboot immediately hold volume down again to return to stripey screen (bootloader)
When says USB at the bottom and split at top says 2.08.hspl run the .exe you downloaded from HTC
If you get connection errors, timeouts, leave the phone and just swap USB ports. When running hspl.exe right click it and "run as administrator"
(That's the last time I'm gonna write those out in full, there must be 500 identical step by steps and half as many YouTube vids. )
If your send key is green DO NOT DO THIS

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