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So.. I was using my phone normally .. but suddenly my phone went very very slow and then I turned off... I was running Unnamed rom.
But here is the deal , the phone didnt woke up! I mean , The phone got stucked into a boot loop , So I treid to enter into recovery with no luck!... Then I managed to go into download mode without any problem.
So after that I restored the phone to stock (One click root odin) . BUT the phone is still showing the Galaxy S Screen Boot loop.
HELP!
I´ve tried many things.. 2 Laptops and PC´s , ports , etc.. I also removed the sim card and the micro sd , but that didnt do anything.
So , any suggestion?
PS: Sorry 4 my english
I'm going to assume that you flashed UCKH7, either the stock without root, or the stock with root one click downloader. If you flashed something different than one of these, let me know.
Since you flashed the stock package successfully, you should now be able to get into 3e recovery by holding vol+ vol- and power buttons. Once in 3e recovery, you should do a wipe data/factory reset and your phone should then boot normally.
If you are unable to get into 3e recovery, then there is some sort of unusual problem, so post back here and we'll try to find out what it is.
creepyncrawly said:
I'm going to assume that you flashed UCKH7, either the stock without root, or the stock with root one click downloader. If you flashed something different than one of these, let me know.
Since you flashed the stock package successfully, you should now be able to get into 3e recovery by holding vol+ vol- and power buttons. Once in 3e recovery, you should do a wipe data/factory reset and your phone should then boot normally.
If you are unable to get into 3e recovery, then there is some sort of unusual problem, so post back here and we'll try to find out what it is.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Yes , I flashed UCKH7 BUT Im still with the bootloop.. There isnt any way I can get into recovery.. This is the first time I see a problem like this.
So..?
Thanks 4 ur response
mca1490 said:
Yes , I flashed UCKH7 BUT Im still with the bootloop.. There isnt any way I can get into recovery.. This is the first time I see a problem like this.
So..?
Thanks 4 ur response
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
If you can't get into recovery using the three button technique then there is something seriously wrong with your phone.
Sent from my HTC One X using Tapatalk 2
Yes... I'm thinking possible hardware issue. But since you can still get download mode, I'd try flashing the full stock package which you can get from the Download Repository. The one you already flashed did not contain the bootloaders and other stuff. If that doesn't clear it up, then I'm thinking repair or replace.
Noob question.. Where I can find the download repository?
thanks
mca1490 said:
Noob question.. Where I can find the download repository?
thanks
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Bookmark this.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1532368
lol.. thank u! ,)
I did find a lot of threads but i didnt get any answer to my question.
I was using a 2.3.6 stock Atrix 4G. I decided on getting the cm9 so i unlocked the bootloader using the following link http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1182871
as i am using the newer version so i was advised to run option 1 of the script( click the link to see the script) and then option 3. I did option 1 and then my phone got stuck in unable to boot and then i ran option 3 and just pressed enter and my phone booted. So i didnt advance on the script and closed the script. Now my phone says UNLOCKED at the m logo while booting.
And then for rooting i used the following link http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1769497
i did get some errors while using the coding( as i had typo error) but then after two reboots and trying i got the success on my cmd window.
but i didnt get the same command promt text as upndwn4par( see the link) got. Still i anyhow got success. I checked my apps and super user was indeed sitting there.
After unlocking and rooting i downloaded rom manager and also downloaded cm9.zip file into my sd. Then pressed flash CWM and then also made a backup for my stock ROM and then pressed download from sd card on rom manager , then it asks cleear cache dalvik and backuo. I checked all and then my phone reboots and gets stuck in the ANDROID GUY with an Exclamation mark inside a triangle. I also tried reboot with recovery in ROM manager but the same screen.
I have mentioned all my steps. So please guide me where or what am i doing wrong?
please help , cause moto ditched me and i want to ditch moto's software.
aka007 said:
I did find a lot of threads but i didnt get any answer to my question.
I was using a 2.3.6 stock Atrix 4G. I decided on getting the cm9 so i unlocked the bootloader using the following link http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1182871
as i am using the newer version so i was advised to run option 1 of the script( click the link to see the script) and then option 3. I did option 1 and then my phone got stuck in unable to boot and then i ran option 3 and just pressed enter and my phone booted. So i didnt advance on the script and closed the script. Now my phone says UNLOCKED at the m logo while booting.
And then for rooting i used the following link http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1769497
i did get some errors while using the coding( as i had typo error) but then after two reboots and trying i got the success on my cmd window.
but i didnt get the same command promt text as upndwn4par( see the link) got. Still i anyhow got success. I checked my apps and super user was indeed sitting there.
After unlocking and rooting i downloaded rom manager and also downloaded cm9.zip file into my sd. Then pressed flash CWM and then also made a backup for my stock ROM and then pressed download from sd card on rom manager , then it asks cleear cache dalvik and backuo. I checked all and then my phone reboots and gets stuck in the ANDROID GUY with an Exclamation mark inside a triangle. I also tried reboot with recovery in ROM manager but the same screen.
I have mentioned all my steps. So please guide me where or what am i doing wrong?
please help , cause moto ditched me and i want to ditch moto's software.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Do i need to install CWM Recovery sperately onto my phone. As in i have installed ROM manager. Do i need to install cwm recovery also.
In flash CWM recovery it says current recovery 5.0.2.0.
guys please help
aka007 said:
Do i need to install CWM Recovery sperately onto my phone. As in i have installed ROM manager. Do i need to install cwm recovery also.
In flash CWM recovery it says current recovery 5.0.2.0.
guys please help
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
You have posted this question 5-6 times. Spamming the forum is not allowed.
I don't think recovery is installed properly. Try to fastboot flash recovery.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1905222
upndwn4par said:
You have posted this question 5-6 times. Spamming the forum is not allowed.
I don't think recovery is installed properly. Try to fastboot flash recovery.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1905222
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Can i install the recovery using rom manager. What i did was download the Recovery from the link you provided and then put it into my internal and then flash the cwm ad then it flashed. then i did install rom from sd card , i seleted the cm9 then selected backup and all. I did a little of installation and now its stuck in the boot screen for 30+ mins.
aka007 said:
Can i install the recovery using rom manager.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I would recommend using fastboot.
aka007 said:
I did a little of installation and now its stuck in the boot screen for 30+ mins.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
What do you mean "did a little of installation"? You either install or you don't...
ravilov said:
I would recommend using fastboot.
What do you mean "did a little of installation"? You either install or you don't...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
sorry, i must have got crazy thinking i bricked my phone. Started praying and all.
But now, Thank God i did install the cm9 with a help of many people. I got help from random posts and all. Now my problem is what version of gaaps do i install.
i already have this version in my computer gapps-ics-20120429-signed.zip (dont know where i downloaded it from)
but in http://wiki.cyanogenmod.com/wiki/Latest_Version/Google_Apps it shows the version below
gapps-ics-20120317-signed.zip
download link:-
1.CWM RECOVERY- http://d-h.st/C8F
2.STOCK RECOVERY - http://d-h.st/My3
can anyone try and tell me if it wrks.
Sarath280 said:
download link:-
1.CWM RECOVERY- http://d-h.st/C8F
2.STOCK RECOVERY - http://d-h.st/My3
can anyone try and tell me if it wrks.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thanks much. I will take the plunge now and let you know how it goes.
curgervending said:
Thanks much. I will take the plunge now and let you know how it goes.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
ok tell me if it wrks
Tried the custom recovery. It did not work. After installing it via ODIN I tried to boot into recovery but the phone never goes into recovery but just reboots.
I installed the stock recovery via ODIN and it works properly.
k thx for testing i think i need recovery.fstab u can pull that using adb.
Sarath280 said:
k thx for testing i think i need recovery.fstab u can pull that using adb.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
As much as I flash via ODIN, CWM, TWRP, etc., I have never used ADB for anything. I will download Android SDK package and get going figuring it out. Bear with me a little while. I'll get back to you. Again, thanks for all your help.
I've tried both ADB and terminal emulator and could not figure out how to pull recovery.fstab. Basically, I cannot find the file. I had to admit, I am a novice when it comes down to ADB and terminal emulator even after the searching and reading about both. I got ADB installed, and it is recognizing my device. I was also able to execute commands but I can't find the file to pull. Am I missing something?
curgervending said:
I've tried both ADB and terminal emulator and could not figure out how to pull recovery.fstab. Basically, I cannot find the file. I had to admit, I am a novice when it comes down to ADB and terminal emulator even after the searching and reading about both. I got ADB installed, and it is recognizing my device. I was also able to execute commands but I can't find the file to pull. Am I missing something?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
i have sent u a message on xda check tat.
Checked it and sent you a pm.
Thanks.
Sent from my GT-I9200 using xda app-developers app
Unable to install CWM on my GT-I9200
Hi Sarath,
I was able to root the phone but was never successful in installing the CWM on my GT-I9200 (India). I get only those 2 red lines when I try to get into CWM but normally everything works fine and no RED lines when booting. Please try to get the CWM working for this phone.
If the phone is stuck without booting or anything happens to the stock ROM then without CWM nothing can be done except taking the Phone to the Service center which is a Pain.
Thank you for working on this....Really appreciate all your work...
i need recovery.fstab.
Badly Need Help.........Stuck at Samsung logo....
Hi Sarath,
Please help me...I tried to install a font locally and it told to restart the phone. It is getting stuck at the Samsung logo now. Does not boot further....
I tried to restart the phone by taking out the battery..Tried going to the download mode and restarted the phone..Nogo..
Flashed Stock and Custom Kernel and checked it. Nogo..Nothing works now. Gets stuck at the Logo only..Please help....
I think my only option at this point will be to take the phone to the service center.
But If I have a working CWM flashed then I can reset the phone to factory settings....But there is none..
Please help....Any Ideas or solutions for this.............
Thank you...
========================
Installed STOCK RECOVERY - http://d-h.st/My3
and tried to reset to factory settings but unable to clear the Dalvik-Cache and the phone reboots and again gets stuck at the Samsung Logo....
Pariki said:
Hi Sarath,
Please help me...I tried to install a font locally and it told to restart the phone. It is getting stuck at the Samsung logo now. Does not boot further....
I tried to restart the phone by taking out the battery..Tried going to the download mode and restarted the phone..Nogo..
Flashed Stock and Custom Kernel and checked it. Nogo..Nothing works now. Gets stuck at the Logo only..Please help....
I think my only option at this point will be to take the phone to the service center.
But If I have a working CWM flashed then I can reset the phone to factory settings....But there is none..
Please help....Any Ideas or solutions for this.............
Thank you...
========================
Installed STOCK RECOVERY - http://d-h.st/My3
and tried to reset to factory settings but unable to clear the Dalvik-Cache and the phone reboots and again gets stuck at the Samsung Logo....
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Try to flash a stock rom with Odin if you have still the dowmloag mode
Try using this CWM NON-TOUCH RECOVERY: http://d-h.st/lgn
Hopefully it should work
Use at your own risk as I dont have the Mega
I am not responsible for anything...
I tried the Stock and Custom recovery but nothing worked...
I had to take the phone to the Service Center in Hyderabad. They took 2 days to get it fixed. I got it back in running condition now.
I just rooted it again now. Will wait till I get a backup ROM.
How to Backup the Current ROM?
Could someone help me in backing up the Current ROM? I9200 6.3 Mega India
I have rooted the phone and tried using the ROM Manager Premium 5.2.2.8 and others to back up but it needs the CWM to backup...
If someone has already backed up the ROM then could you provide the link to download....
Thanks..........
Does this work on my phone?
ROS_I9200XXUAMEA_I9200SERAME4_I9200XXUAMEA_SER
Insertion ODIN 3
https://hotfile.com/dl/234619968/252...A_SER.zip.html
From the post
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2367680
Please someone help me..Thanks....................
Pariki said:
Does this work on my phone?
ROS_I9200XXUAMEA_I9200SERAME4_I9200XXUAMEA_SER
Insertion ODIN 3
https://hotfile.com/dl/234619968/252...A_SER.zip.html
From the post
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2367680
Please someone help me..Thanks....................
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Work!)
alexyuh said:
Work!)
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
======================
Thank you. I am downloading it now. Once done, I will flash it and play with it. Will let you know.
Thank you so much. That worked. Please read my success story.......
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=43766694&postcount=25
i have rooted my lg p765 without using the pc i.e direct from the phone. after that i tried to update the software(may fault). then it rebooted n got stuck in the cwm (clockworkmod recovery v6.0.3.1). everytime i reboot it shows the lg logo n then opens the cwm. i then wiiped all the cache, delvic cache, etc but didnt work. i even installed 3 different custom roms including the official cyanogen mod 10.1. still not working. plz help me. i beg u..... :crying:
kapildey said:
i have rooted my lg p765 without using the pc i.e direct from the phone. after that i tried to update the software(may fault). then it rebooted n got stuck in the cwm (clockworkmod recovery v6.0.3.1). everytime i reboot it shows the lg logo n then opens the cwm. i then wiiped all the cache, delvic cache, etc but didnt work. i even installed 3 different custom roms including the official cyanogen mod 10.1. still not working. plz help me. i beg u..... :crying:
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2415868
Follow this . I solved the problem using lg mobile support tool .
There is another method as mentioned by kuma82 in the same thread . Nothing to worry :highfive:
stuck in boot loop. nothing working... (CWM, hard reset)
rashq said:
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2415868
Follow this . I solved the problem using lg mobile support tool .
There is another method as mentioned by kuma82 in the same thread . Nothing to worry :highfive:
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
i managed to flash the recovery using adb. but after that i ended up in another boot loop. this time it doesnt even open cwm. only lg logo comes n it gets restarted again n again. hard reset, cwm nothing working except the software update mode. so tried to install kdz but after 15% it says no device found.. i cant understand what to do.. tried everything.. plz help me...(i had JB installed previously i.e the JB provided by LG).. my phone is rooted, bootloader is unlocked... help me....
kapildey said:
i managed to flash the recovery using adb. but after that i ended up in another boot loop. this time it doesnt even open cwm. only lg logo comes n it gets restarted again n again. hard reset, cwm nothing working except the software update mode. so tried to install kdz but after 15% it says no device found.. i cant understand what to do.. tried everything.. plz help me...(i had JB installed previously i.e the JB provided by LG).. my phone is rooted, bootloader is unlocked... help me....
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
You flashed kdz offine ?? Try with lg mobile support tool. Download the software . connect the phone in software upgrade mode. It will detect your device . then you can upgrade to latest version or install recovery ( from pull down menu ).
Its an online method.
Hope this will help
LOve LoVe LoVE you dude...!!!
rashq said:
You flashed kdz offine ?? Try with lg mobile support tool. Download the software . connect the phone in software upgrade mode. It will detect your device . then you can upgrade to latest version or install recovery ( from pull down menu ).
Its an online method.
Hope this will help
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
dude u r just my life savior dude...
i love yooooouuuuuu..... u just saved my ass.. finally i am going to sleep after 2 days.. thanks a lot dude....
love u....:victory::angel:
kapildey said:
dude u r just my life savior dude...
i love yooooouuuuuu..... u just saved my ass.. finally i am going to sleep after 2 days.. thanks a lot dude....
love u....:victory::angel:
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
:good:
Hi guys,
Yesterday I finally got to instal a new ROM onto my phone. I've done this before so my phone was already rooted and had the bootloader unlocked. I decided t ogo with Cyanogenmod10. My build was 4.1.B.0.587. I used the tutorial on cyanogenmod wiki and done everything as was said, step by step. I wasn't sure if ClockworkMod would be installed with the rom, so I donwload x-tools and isntalled it form there. Once thaat was done I proceeded to installiion. Everything went fine up until getting into CWM. I am now stuck in a boot loop, constaltly showing the xpera free project logo, then the screen goes dark and this all over and over again. So I searched the net and forums, but couldn't find any one with this problem. Most people either get into CWM and from there can't get further, or they turned the phone on adn after using some application theirs system crashes, but nobody seems to have problems with CWM. I can't get anywhere from here and have no idea what to do. If somebody could please help me, I would be very gratefull! Thanks
John
jan019 said:
Hi guys,
Yesterday I finally got to instal a new ROM onto my phone. I've done this before so my phone was already rooted and had the bootloader unlocked. I decided t ogo with Cyanogenmod10. My build was 4.1.B.0.587. I used the tutorial on cyanogenmod wiki and done everything as was said, step by step. I wasn't sure if ClockworkMod would be installed with the rom, so I donwload x-tools and isntalled it form there. Once thaat was done I proceeded to installiion. Everything went fine up until getting into CWM. I am now stuck in a boot loop, constaltly showing the xpera free project logo, then the screen goes dark and this all over and over again. So I searched the net and forums, but couldn't find any one with this problem. Most people either get into CWM and from there can't get further, or they turned the phone on adn after using some application theirs system crashes, but nobody seems to have problems with CWM. I can't get anywhere from here and have no idea what to do. If somebody could please help me, I would be very gratefull! Thanks
John
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hmmm...CWM is already available as built-in inside the custom kernel...no need to install recovery using x-tools anymore...just flash the kernel (boot.img) using flashtool...
iPusak Gaoq™ said:
Hmmm...CWM is already available as built-in inside the custom kernel...no need to install recovery using x-tools anymore...just flash the kernel (boot.img) using flashtool...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I tried that. I opened flashtool, connected my hpone in fastboot mode, selcted fastboot mode, selcted teh kernel, everytrhign went fine without errors. I then disconected the phone, turned it on and once I reached the logo I kept pressing the volume down button, but it does nothign and keeps looping...
jan019 said:
I tried that. I opened flashtool, connected my hpone in fastboot mode, selcted fastboot mode, selcted teh kernel, everytrhign went fine without errors. I then disconected the phone, turned it on and once I reached the logo I kept pressing the volume down button, but it does nothign and keeps looping...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
you have to wait until the LED appears then you can press volume down (you can also try volume up or power button) to enter recovery....but i suggest you flash stock rom back first and make sure that your phone can boot fine...then flash custom kernel and flash CM10 in recovery...
iPusak Gaoq™ said:
you have to wait until the LED appears then you can press volume down (you can also try volume up or power button) to enter recovery....but i suggest you flash stock rom back first and make sure that your phone can boot fine...then flash custom kernel and flash CM10 in recovery...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Okay so I flashed back to stock kernel and now i can boot into CWM and even a normal compelte boot. I'll ttry flashing CW again
jan019 said:
Okay so I flashed back to stock kernel and now i can boot into CWM and even a normal compelte boot. I'll ttry flashing CW again
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hmmm...i said flash stock ROM not stock kernel...if you phone boot fine using stock kernel then you flash fxp kernel (custom kernel) and boot into CWM...no need to flash CWM separately cause CWM is already inside custom kernel...
iPusak Gaoq™ said:
Hmmm...i said flash stock ROM not stock kernel...if you phone boot fine using stock kernel then you flash fxp kernel (custom kernel) and boot into CWM...no need to flash CWM separately cause CWM is already inside custom kernel...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Okay, I'll give it a shot and come back with how I did.
jan019 said:
Okay, I'll give it a shot and come back with how I did.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
WTF... So I charged my phone first so I reach the recommended 85%... Meanwhile I redownloaded the CM10 if it wasn't a bad downnload or something, from the original website. Once that was done, I turned my phone off, turned flashtool on a connected my phone in fastboot mode. I then flashed the kernel with boot.img from CM, unplugged and turned the phone off, waitign for the logo, pressed the volume down button many times and ntohing. I tried multiple times, different buttons too. Still the same. What can I be doing wrong?
jan019 said:
WTF... So I charged my phone first so I reach the recommended 85%... Meanwhile I redownloaded the CM10 if it wasn't a bad downnload or something, from the original website. Once that was done, I turned my phone off, turned flashtool on a connected my phone in fastboot mode. I then flashed the kernel with boot.img from CM, unplugged and turned the phone off, waitign for the logo, pressed the volume down button many times and ntohing. I tried multiple times, different buttons too. Still the same. What can I be doing wrong?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
When I have the phone flashed with stock kernel I can get into the CMW recovery. Trying to install CM with the stock kernel is i guess not a good idea right?
EDIT: So I tried downloading CW9 if that wouldn't make a difference, but it's the same story. Once I boot the phone it just keeps looping from the logo to black screen, no LED lights up, nothing. What if I did a factory reset either from CWM or in the normally booted? Could that help in anyway?
jan019 said:
When I have the phone flashed with stock kernel I can get into the CMW recovery. Trying to install CM with the stock kernel is i guess not a good idea right?
EDIT: So I tried downloading CW9 if that wouldn't make a difference, but it's the same story. Once I boot the phone it just keeps looping from the logo to black screen, no LED lights up, nothing. What if I did a factory reset either from CWM or in the normally booted? Could that help in anyway?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hmmmm...how many times did i have to tell you, you need to FLASH STOCK ROM first...stock rom has stock kernel inside it...flashing STOCK rom will factory reset your phone...it should make your phone like new...after your phone boot normally then you can flash custom kernel (fxp kernel) and boot into recovery using that kernel...then only then you can flash CM10 into your phone....
jan019 said:
Hi guys,
Yesterday I finally got to instal a new ROM onto my phone. I've done this before so my phone was already rooted and had the bootloader unlocked. I decided t ogo with Cyanogenmod10. My build was 4.1.B.0.587. I used the tutorial on cyanogenmod wiki and done everything as was said, step by step. I wasn't sure if ClockworkMod would be installed with the rom, so I donwload x-tools and isntalled it form there. Once thaat was done I proceeded to installiion. Everything went fine up until getting into CWM. I am now stuck in a boot loop, constaltly showing the xpera free project logo, then the screen goes dark and this all over and over again. So I searched the net and forums, but couldn't find any one with this problem. Most people either get into CWM and from there can't get further, or they turned the phone on adn after using some application theirs system crashes, but nobody seems to have problems with CWM. I can't get anywhere from here and have no idea what to do. If somebody could please help me, I would be very gratefull! Thanks
John
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
probably bcuz u used CWM located in phone storage & deleted it. happens.
to shorten here all, i advice u to use allways kernels (built in) recovery. (forget about xparts its onlx for locked bl ppl)
also if u want to go for a cm (10+) build try LX from here bcuz FXP is NO longer supported! they kleave us. also its very outdated/old/bad
if u flash (any) kernel CWM is inbuilt, so just reflash the kernel using fastboot (cmd commands) , then on power on press the vol up button moretimes!! to enter CWM (must work) i really advice u to use some LX build. (dont forget to wipe partitions bfore flash)
bejunk said:
probably bcuz u used CWM located in phone storage & deleted it. happens.
to shorten here all, i advice u to use allways kernels (built in) recovery. (forget about xparts its onlx for locked bl ppl)
also if u want to go for a cm (10+) build try LX from here bcuz FXP is NO longer supported! they kleave us. also its very outdated/old/bad
if u flash (any) kernel CWM is inbuilt, so just reflash the kernel using fastboot (cmd commands) , then on power on press the vol up button moretimes!! to enter CWM (must work) i really advice u to use some LX build. (dont forget to wipe partitions bfore flash)
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Okay guys, I'm really confused right now. I just couldn't manage to boot into CWM with CM, I tried many versions, none worked. I then applied the exact same steps onto LX and it worked perfectly, I was in CWM after pressing the volume down butto na few times. Now it's been almost a month since I did this and I wanted to change to a differet version again, so I wanted to try CM again, but it's the same thing, I can't get to CWM. Any ideas?
Thanks